{"id":21134,"date":"2019-02-15T10:40:36","date_gmt":"2019-02-15T02:40:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kuaiqikan.com\/?p=21134"},"modified":"2019-02-15T10:48:25","modified_gmt":"2019-02-15T02:48:25","slug":"21134-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuaiqikan.com\/21134-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4ed6\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u8fde\u540c\u884c\u90fd\u770b\u4e0d\u61c2\uff0c\u5374\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u5411\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<section class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"88501\">\n<section data-width=\"100%\">\n<section class=\"\">\u4f5c\u4e3a\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u6700\u6709\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\uff08Karl Friston\uff09\u4e3a\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u6210\u50cf\u7814\u7a76\u505a\u51fa\u7684\u8d21\u732e\u6050\u6015\u5df2\u7ecf\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u8bfa\u5956\u7ea7\u522b\u2014\u2014\u5168\u7403 90% \u5173\u4e8e\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u6210\u50cf\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u90fd\u5728\u4f7f\u7528\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0ch-index \u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u4e24\u500d\u3002\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u8de8\u754c\u5929\u624d\uff0c\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u8fde\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\u90fd\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f7b\u5e95\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u6df1\u5965\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\u4e0d\u4f46\u56ca\u62ec\u5b87\u5b99\u4e07\u7269\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u80fd\u5e26\u6211\u4eec\u627e\u5230\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u3002<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u4e2d\u5348\uff0c\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\uff08Karl Friston\uff09\u90fd\u4f1a\u6765\u5230\u7687\u540e\u5e7f\u573a\uff08Queen Square\uff09\uff0c\u53bb\u6709\u590f\u6d1b\u7279\u7687\u540e\u96d5\u50cf\u7684\u82b1\u56ed\u91cc\u70b9\u8d77\u4e00\u6839\u70df\u3002\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7a0d\u7a0d\u6709\u70b9\u9a7c\u80cc\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u4e00\u5934\u94f6\u7070\u8272\u5934\u53d1\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u662f\u4f26\u6566\u5927\u5b66\u5b66\u9662\uff08University College London\uff09\u8457\u540d\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6210\u50cf\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08Functional Imaging Laboratory\uff0cFIL\uff09\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8d1f\u8d23\u4eba\u3002\u62bd\u5b8c\u70df\u540e\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u8d70\u8fdb\u5e7f\u573a\u897f\u4fa7\u4e00\u680b\u7816\u780c\u77f3\u7070\u77f3\u5efa\u7b51\uff0c\u5f84\u76f4\u8d70\u5230\u56db\u697c\u4f1a\u8bae\u5ba4\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u8ddf\u7b49\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u7684\u4eba\u4eec\u6253\u4e86\u4e2a\u62db\u547c\u2014\u2014\u8fd9\u4e5f\u8bb8\u662f\u4ed6\u5f53\u5929\u8bf4\u7684\u7b2c\u4e00\u53e5\u8bdd\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5728\u4e2d\u5348\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u4e0d\u559c\u6b22\u548c\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u8bb2\u8bdd\u3002\u4ed6\u4e5f\u5f88\u5c11\u548c\u522b\u4eba\u5355\u72ec\u4f1a\u9762\u3002\u76f8\u53cd\uff0c\u4ed6\u559c\u6b22\u4e3e\u529e\u8fd9\u79cd\u516c\u5f00\u4f1a\u8bae\uff0c\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u535a\u58eb\u540e\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u5e0c\u671b\u5f97\u5230\u4ed6\u6307\u5bfc\u7684\u516c\u4f17\uff08\u8fd1\u51e0\u5e74\u8fd9\u4e2a\u6bd4\u4f8b\u51fa\u5947\u7684\u9ad8\uff09\u5750\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\uff0c\u542c\u4ed6\u8bb2\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002\u66fe\u8ddf\u968f\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5b66\u4e60\u4e00\u5e74\u3001\u73b0\u4efb\u9ea6\u5409\u5c14\u5927\u5b66\uff08McGill University\uff09\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u4f4f\u9662\u533b\u5e08\u6234\u7ef4\u00b7\u672c\u91cc\u83ab\uff08David Benrimoh\uff09\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u5361\u5c14\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u8c01\u6709\u4e86\u67d0\u4e2a\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u9047\u5230\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u8005\u5728\u505a\u9879\u76ee\uff0c<strong>\u6700\u597d\u7684\u89e3\u51b3\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u6574\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\u90fd\u542c\u542c TA \u7684\u6c47\u62a5\uff0c\u8ba9\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4eba\u90fd\u6709\u63d0\u95ee\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u673a\u4f1a<\/strong>\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u4e00\u6765\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4eba\u7684\u5b66\u4e60\u5c31\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u5927\u5bb6\u7684\u5171\u540c\u5b66\u4e60\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65b9\u5f0f\u633a\u72ec\u7279\u7684\uff0c\u7b26\u5408\u4ed6\u7684\u4e00\u8d2f\u98ce\u683c\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u6bcf\u5468\u4e00\u5f00\u4f1a\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u5927\u5bb6\u5148\u8f6e\u6d41\u63cf\u8ff0\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u8fb9\u542c\u8fb9\u8e31\u6b65\uff0c\u4ed6\u628a\u773c\u955c\u67b6\u5728\u9f3b\u5c16\u4e0a\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u6bcf\u6bcf\u8981\u770b\u53d1\u8a00\u8005\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u603b\u4f1a\u4f4e\u4e0b\u5934\u53bb\u6253\u91cf\u4ed6\u4eec\u3002\u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\u7684\u51e0\u4e2a\u5c0f\u65f6\u4ed6\u4f1a\u4f9d\u6b21\u56de\u7b54\u8fd9\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u6700\u6df7\u4e71\u4e0d\u6e05\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5e26\u7740\u793c\u8c8c\u8fc5\u901f\u7ed9\u51fa\u56de\u7b54\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u95ee\u7b54\u73af\u8282\u2014\u2014\u6211\u79f0\u5176\u4e3a\u201c\u5411\u5361\u5c14\u63d0\u95ee\u201d\u7ec4\u4f1a\u2014\u2014\u662f\u96c6\u8010\u529b\u3001\u8bb0\u5fc6\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e7f\u5ea6\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u4e8e\u4e00\u4f53\u7684\u5353\u8d8a\u6210\u5c31\u3002<\/p>\n<section class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"94168\" data-color=\"#02b6b3\" data-custom=\"#02b6b3\">\n<section>\n<section>0<span class=\"\" title=\"\" data-original-title=\"\">1<\/span><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\" data-brushtype=\"text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u751f\u6daf\u524d\u534a\u671f\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u91cd\u8981\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u6781\u5927\u63a8\u52a8\u4e86\u5bf9\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4ed6\u56e0\u6b64\u4e00\u8dc3\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u201c\u82f1\u96c4\u201d\u30021990 \u5e74\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u4e86<strong>\u7edf\u8ba1\u53c2\u6570\u6620\u5c04<\/strong>\uff08statistical parametric mapping\uff09\uff0c\u7528\u4e00\u4f4d\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8ba1\u7b97\u5de5\u5177\u80fd\u591f\u5c06\u5927\u8111\u5f71\u50cf\u201c\u538b\u7f29\u201d\u6210\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5f62\u72b6\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u5458\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u6b64\u5bf9\u9885\u5185\u6d3b\u52a8\u8fdb\u884c\u9010\u4e00\u6bd4\u5bf9\u3002\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u53c2\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u53d1\u5c55\u51fa\u4e86<strong>\u57fa\u4e8e\u4f53\u7d20\u7684\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u5206\u6790<\/strong>\uff08voxel-\u00adbased morphometry\uff09\u3002\u5728\u4e00\u9879\u8457\u540d\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\uff0c\u5e94\u7528\u4e0a\u8ff0\u6210\u50cf\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u53d1\u73b0\u4f26\u6566\u51fa\u79df\u8f66\u53f8\u673a\u5927\u8111\u6d77\u9a6c\u4f53\u7684\u540e\u4fa7\u4f1a\u968f\u7740\u201c\u9053\u8def\u77e5\u8bc6\u201d\u7684\u79ef\u7d2f\u800c\u53d8\u5927\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2011 \u5e74\u00a0<em>Science<\/em>\u00a0\u4e0a\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u4e00\u9879\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u53d1\u660e\u7684\u7b2c\u4e09\u4ee3\u8111\u6210\u50cf\u5206\u6790\u8f6f\u4ef6\u2014\u2014<strong>\u52a8\u6001\u56e0\u679c\u6a21\u578b<\/strong>\uff08dynamic causal modeling\uff09\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u4e25\u91cd\u8111\u635f\u4f24\u7684\u60a3\u8005\u662f\u5177\u6709\u8f7b\u5fae\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u5df2\u7ecf\u6210\u4e86\u690d\u7269\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f 2006 \u5e74\u5165\u9009\u82f1\u56fd\u7687\u5bb6\u5b66\u4f1a\uff08the Royal Society of Fellows\uff09\uff0c\u5b66\u4f1a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5176\u5bf9\u8111\u79d1\u5b66\u5177\u6709 \u201c\u9769\u547d\u6027\u201d\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u5e76\u8868\u793a\u8d85\u8fc7 90% \u5df2\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8111\u6210\u50cf\u9886\u57df\u8bba\u6587\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u4ed6\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u30022016 \u5e74\uff0c<strong>\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86\u4e16\u754c\u4e0a\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4ed6\u7684 h-index\uff08\u8861\u91cf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u8bba\u6587\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u53c2\u6570\uff09\u51e0\u4e4e\u662f\u963f\u5c14\u4f2f\u7279\u00b7\u7231\u56e0\u65af\u5766\u7684\u4e24\u500d<\/strong>\u30022017 \u5e74\uff0c\u5728\u8fc7\u53bb\u4e8c\u5341\u591a\u5e74\u4e2d\u6210\u529f\u9884\u6d4b\u4e86 46 \u4f4d\u8bfa\u5956\u5f97\u4e3b\u7684\u79d1\u777f\u552f\u5b89\uff08Clarivate Analytics\uff09\uff0c\u5c06\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5217\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u83b7\u5f97\u8bfa\u8d1d\u5c14\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u6216\u533b\u5b66\u5956\u7684\u4e09\u4eba\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7136\u800c\u503c\u5f97\u4e00\u63d0\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u5982\u4eca\u62dc\u8bbf\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u7684\u201c\u671d\u5723\u8005\u201d\uff0c\u5f88\u5c11\u518d\u8c08\u8bba\u8111\u6210\u50cf\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8bbf\u5ba2\u8feb\u5207\u60f3\u5f04\u660e\u767d\u7684\u4e8b\u60c5\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u90fd\u548c\u8111\u6210\u50cf\u65e0\u5173\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u7684\u5341\u6765\u5e74\u4e2d\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u82b1\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u7cbe\u529b\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u5df1\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c<strong>\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\u201d\uff08free energy principle\uff09\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\uff08\u4ed6\u628a\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u6210\u50cf\u7814\u7a76\u53eb\u505a\u201c\u5de5\u4f5c\u201d\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u4e00\u4e2a\u7235\u58eb\u97f3\u4e50\u5bb6\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u5728\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u503c\u73ed\uff0c\u53ea\u662f\u7cca\u53e3\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u9014\u5f84\uff09\u3002\u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u575a\u4fe1\u81ea\u5df1\u786e\u5b9a\u4e86\u6240\u6709\u751f\u547d\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6240\u6709\u667a\u6167\u4f53\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u539f\u7406\u3002\u4ed6\u89e3\u91ca\u8bf4\uff1a\u201c\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u884c\u4e3a\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6d3b\u751f\u751f\u7684\u4eba\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u6765\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u574f\u6d88\u606f\u8fce\u5934\u800c\u6765\uff1a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u592a\u4ee4\u4eba\u8d39\u89e3\u4e86\u3002<strong>\u51e0\u4e4e\u6240\u6709\u8c08\u5230\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5728\u5176\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5f00\u5c55\u5de5\u4f5c\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u90fd\u8bf4\u81ea\u5df1\u8fd8\u6ca1\u5b8c\u5168\u641e\u61c2\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4eba\u53c8\u4f1a\u6025\u5306\u5306\u5730\u8865\u5145\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u5176\u5b9e\u5341\u5206\u7b80\u5355\uff0c\u5b83\u89e3\u51b3\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u518d\u57fa\u7840\u4e0d\u8fc7\u7684\u96be\u9898\u3002\u70ed\u529b\u5b66\u7b2c\u4e8c\u5b9a\u5f8b\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\u4eec\uff0c\u5b87\u5b99\u4f1a\u671d\u71b5\u589e\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u53d1\u5c55\uff0c\u8d70\u5411\u6d88\u4ea1\uff0c\u4f46\u751f\u7269\u4f53\u5374\u4e0d\u4f1a\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u4ece\u5355\u7ec6\u80de\u751f\u7269\u5230\u62e5\u6709\u6570\u5341\u4ebf\u795e\u7ecf\u5143\u7684\u4eba\u7c7b\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u5177\u5907\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5f62\u5f0f\u7684\u751f\u547d\u90fd\u7531\u540c\u6837\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u9a71\u52a8\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u666e\u904d\u5b58\u5728\u7684\u547d\u4ee4\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u4e3a\u6570\u5b66\u51fd\u6570\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c<strong>\u751f\u547d\u53ea\u8981\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u4e0d\u65ad\u51cf\u5c11\u4e2a\u4f53\u671f\u671b\u4e0e\u611f\u5b98\u611f\u53d7\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd<\/strong>\u3002\u6216\u8005\u7528\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u7684\u8bdd\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u8ba9\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u60f3\u8981\u4e86\u89e3\u4e0a\u8ff0\u539f\u7406\u7684\u6f5c\u5728\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u4f60\u53ea\u9700\u770b\u770b\u5468\u4e00\u4e0a\u5348\u4f1a\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u4eba\u5835\u5728 FIL \u95e8\u53e3\u5c31\u884c\u4e86\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5e0c\u671b\u7528\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7edf\u4e00\u5fc3\u667a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5efa\u7acb\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u57fa\u7840\uff0c\u89e3\u91ca\u5df2\u77e5\u7684\u751f\u547d\u73b0\u8c61\uff1b\u6709\u4e9b\u4eba\u5e0c\u671b\u501f\u52a9\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u5927\u8111\u529f\u80fd\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u6765\u592f\u5b9e\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u57fa\u7840\uff1b\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u4eba\u5e0c\u671b\u901a\u8fc7\u6b64\u539f\u7406\u7a81\u7834\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u91cd\u91cd\u963b\u788d\u3002\u4ed6\u4eec\u4e0d\u7ea6\u800c\u540c\u5730\u51fa\u73b0\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\uff0c\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ed6\u4eec\u76f8\u4fe1\u80fd\u6df1\u523b\u9886\u4f1a\u5361\u5c14\u00b7\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7684\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u53ea\u6709\u4ed6\u672c\u4eba\u3002<\/p>\n<section class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"94168\" data-color=\"#02b6b3\" data-custom=\"#02b6b3\">\n<section>\n<section>0<span class=\"\" title=\"\" data-original-title=\"\" data-num=\"2\">2<\/span><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\" data-brushtype=\"text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5728\u4ed6\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9886\u57df\u5185\u6781\u5177\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u5b66\u79d1\u8303\u56f4\u5185\u4e5f\u662f\u4e00\u4f4d\u591a\u4ea7\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u5982\u4eca 59 \u5c81\u7684\u4ed6\uff0c\u4ecd\u4e0d\u5206\u663c\u591c\u5730\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c2000 \u5e74\u81f3\u4eca\u53d1\u8868\u4e86 1000 \u4f59\u7bc7\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u4ec5 2017 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class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"94168\" data-color=\"#02b6b3\" data-custom=\"#02b6b3\">\n<section>\n<section>0<span class=\"\" title=\"\" data-original-title=\"\" data-num=\"3\">3<\/span><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\" data-brushtype=\"text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 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Hospital\uff09\u4f5c\u4e86\u4e24\u5e74\u5b9e\u4e60\u533b\u751f\u3002\u5206\u914d\u7ed9\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u662f\u7167\u987e 32 \u540d\u6162\u6027\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u3002\u6b63\u662f\u8fd9\u4e9b\u60a3\u8005\u8ba9\u4ed6\u5f00\u59cb\u601d\u8003\uff1a<strong>\u5927\u8111\u4e2d\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u4e3a\u4f55\u80fd\u88ab\u8f7b\u6613\u7834\u574f\uff1f<\/strong>\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u4e1d\u7737\u604b\u56de\u5fc6\u5230\uff0c\u201c\u90a3\u513f\u771f\u662f\u4e2a\u7406\u60f3\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5730\u70b9\uff0c\u6709\u7740\u6d53\u539a\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u7406\u5b66\u6c1b\u56f4\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u4ed6\u6bcf\u5468\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e24\u6b21 90 \u5206\u949f\u7684\u6cbb\u7597\u4f1a\uff0c\u4f1a\u4e0a\u60a3\u8005\u4eec\u4f1a\u4e00\u8d77\u63a2\u8ba8\u4ed6\u4eec\u7684\u201c\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u201d\uff0c\u8fd9\u548c\u4eca\u5929\u7684\u201c\u5411\u5361\u5c14\u63d0\u95ee\u201d\u7ec4\u4f1a\u5341\u5206\u7c7b\u4f3c\u300230 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\u5e74\u4ee3\u65e9\u671f\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5728\u79bb\u5f00\u5229\u7279\u6469\u5c14\u533b\u9662\u4e4b\u540e\uff0c\u66fe\u5c1d\u8bd5\u7528\u5f53\u65f6\u6bd4\u8f83\u65b0\u9896\u7684\u6b63\u7535\u5b50\u653e\u5c04\u65ad\u5c42\u626b\u63cf\u6210\u50cf\u6280\u672f\uff08PET\uff09\u6765\u7814\u7a76\u7cbe\u795e\u5206\u88c2\u75c7\u60a3\u8005\u5927\u8111\u5185\u90e8\u7684\u75c5\u53d8\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u671f\u95f4\u4ed6\u53d1\u660e\u4e86\u7edf\u8ba1\u53c2\u6570\u6620\u5c04\u3002<strong>\u53d1\u660e\u4e4b\u65f6\u4ed6\u5c31\u575a\u6301\uff0c\u8be5\u6280\u672f\u662f\u81ea\u7531\u5171\u4eab\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u641e\u4e13\u5229\u5316\u548c\u5546\u4e1a\u5316\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4eca\u5929\u8fd9\u9879\u6280\u624d\u80fd\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u4f7f\u7528<\/strong>\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u8fd8\u4f1a\u98de\u5f80\u4e16\u754c\u5404\u5730\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u7f8e\u56fd\u9a6c\u91cc\u5170\u5dde\uff08Maryland\uff09\u8d1d\u585e\u65af\u8fbe\uff08Bethesda\uff09\u56fd\u7acb\u536b\u751f\u7814\u7a76\u9662\uff08the National Institutes of Health\uff09\uff0c\u628a\u8f6f\u4ef6\u4ea4\u7ed9\u79d1\u7814\u4eba\u5458\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u5e38\u5e38\u4f1a\u5e26\u7740\u4e00\u5806\u751f\u7269\u7279\u5f81\u6d4b\u91cf\u6570\u636e\u78c1\u5e26\u5750\u4e0a\u98de\u673a\uff0c\u5230\u4e86\u76ee\u7684\u5730\u518d\u628a\u5185\u5bb9\u4e0b\u8f7d\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u63a5\u7740\u82b1\u4e0a\u4e00\u5929\u8c03\u8bd5\u8f6f\u4ef6\uff0c\u6559\u4f1a\u522b\u4eba\u5982\u4f55\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u518d\u98de\u56de\u5bb6\u4f11\u606f\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u5f00\u6e90\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5c31\u662f\u8fd9\u4e48\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>1994 \u5e74\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u642c\u5230\u7687\u540e\u5e7f\u573a\uff0cFIL \u7ed9\u4ed6\u5b89\u6392\u7684\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u8ba9\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u548c\u76d6\u8328\u6bd4\u8ba1\u7b97\u795e\u7ecf\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec4\uff08Gatsby Computational Neuroscience Unit\uff09\u505a\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u5e74\u7684\u90bb\u5c45\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\u76d6\u8328\u6bd4\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec4\u7531\u5b83\u7684\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\u3001\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6<strong>\u6770\u5f17\u91cc\u00b7\u8f9b\u987f<\/strong>\uff08Geoffrey Hinton\uff09\u8d1f\u8d23\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6b63\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u547d\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u673a\u5668\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u5b66\u4e60\u7406\u8bba\u3002\u8fd9\u65f6 FIL \u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u5f71\u50cf\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u6b63\u5904\u4e8e\u9886\u5148\u5730\u4f4d\u3002\u76d6\u8328\u6bd4\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec4\u4e3a\u6709\u5fd7\u4e8e\u5c06\u6570\u5b66\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u4eec\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u5e73\u53f0\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f9b\u987f\u5bf9\u90a3\u4e9b\u8270\u6df1\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6a21\u578b\u6709\u79cd\u201c\u5b69\u7ae5\u822c\u7684\u70ed\u60c5\u201d\u3002\u548c\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5f88\u5feb\u5c31\u88ab\u8f9b\u987f\u6240\u5438\u5f15\uff0c\u4e8c\u4eba\u6210\u4e86\u670b\u53cb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5728\u8f9b\u987f\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u4e0b\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u9010\u6e10\u76f8\u4fe1\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u8111\u7684\u6700\u597d\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c31\u662f\u5c06\u5b83\u60f3\u8c61\u6210\u4e00\u53f0\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6982\u7387\u673a\uff08Bayesian probability machine\uff09\u300219\u4e16\u7eaa\u8d6b\u66fc\u00b7\u51af\u00b7\u4ea5\u59c6\u970d\u5179\uff08Hermann von Helmholtz\uff09\u5728\u5176\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e2d\u5c31\u66fe\u63d0\u51fa\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e00\u89c2\u70b9\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5927\u8111\u4ee5\u6982\u7387\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u8ba1\u7b97\u548c\u611f\u77e5\u4e16\u754c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8c03\u6574\u60f3\u6cd5\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u9884\u5224\u3002<strong>\u5728\u6700\u6d41\u884c\u7684\u73b0\u4ee3\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u5927\u8111\u50cf\u4e2a\u201c\u63a8\u7406\u5f15\u64ce\u201d\uff0c\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u51cf\u5c11\u201c\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee\u201d\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>2001 \u5e74\u8f9b\u987f\u79bb\u5f00\u4f26\u6566\uff0c\u524d\u5f80\u591a\u4f26\u591a\u5927\u5b66\u3002\u5728\u90a3\u91cc\u4ed6\u9010\u6e10\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u9886\u57df\u4e3e\u8db3\u8f7b\u91cd\u7684\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e4b\u4e00\uff0c\u4e3a\u73b0\u4eca\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\uff08deep learning\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5960\u5b9a\u4e86\u575a\u5b9e\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8f9b\u987f\u79bb\u5f00\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u6b21\u62dc\u8bbf\u4e86\u8fd9\u4f4d\u76d6\u8328\u6bd4\u79d1\u5b66\u7ec4\u7684\u670b\u53cb\u3002\u8f9b\u987f\u5411\u4ed6\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u81ea\u5df1\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u65b0\u6280\u672f\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u6574\u5408\u591a\u4e2a\u6982\u7387\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u8f93\u5165\uff0c\u4f7f\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u7a0b\u5e8f\u80fd\u66f4\u6709\u6548\u5730\u6a21\u62df\u4eba\u7c7b\u8fdb\u884c\u51b3\u7b56\uff0c \u8be5\u6280\u672f\u76ee\u524d\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\u88ab\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u4e13\u5bb6\u4e58\u79ef\u7cfb\u7edf\uff08product of experts\uff09\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u6b21\u89c1\u9762\u8ba9\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u6df1\u53d7\u542f\u53d1\uff0c\u51fa\u4e8e\u201c\u667a\u529b\u4e92\u60e0\u201d\u7684\u8003\u8651\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5c06\u4ed6\u7684\u7b14\u8bb0\u62ff\u7ed9\u4e86\u8f9b\u987f\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7b14\u8bb0\u4e2d\u4ed6\u66fe\u5c1d\u8bd5\u5c06\u67d0\u4e9b\u770b\u4f3c\u201c\u4e0d\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5927\u8111\u89e3\u5256\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5fc3\u7406\u7269\u7406\u7ed3\u679c\u201d\u8054\u7cfb\u8d77\u6765\u30022005 \u5e74\uff0c\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u5c06\u7b14\u8bb0\u6574\u7406\u6210\u8bba\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e00\u7bc7\u7814\u7a76\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u4e4b\u540e\u4ed6\u53c8\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u6570\u5341\u7bc7\u3002<\/p>\n<section class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"94168\" data-color=\"#02b6b3\" data-custom=\"#02b6b3\">\n<section>\n<section>0<span class=\"\" title=\"\" data-original-title=\"\" data-num=\"4\">4<\/span><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\" data-brushtype=\"text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u5373\u4f7f\u662f\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u672c\u4eba\uff0c\u4e5f\u5f88\u7ea0\u7ed3\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u8be5\u4ece\u4f55\u8bb2\u8d77\u3002\u4ed6\u7ecf\u5e38\u8ba9\u5927\u5bb6\u81ea\u884c\u641c\u7d22\u7ef4\u57fa\u767e\u79d1\u3002\u4f46\u5bf9\u6211\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ece\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u7684\u4e00\u5f20\u6bef\u5b50\u8bb2\u8d77\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bb9\u6613\u4e00\u70b9\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u529e\u516c\u5ba4\u4e00\u89d2\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aWired\uff1b\u6444\u5f71\uff1aKate Peters<\/p>\n<p>\u8fd9\u5f20\u5370\u6709\u4fc4\u7f57\u65af\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u5b89\u5fb7\u70c8\u00b7\u5b89\u5fb7\u70c8\u8036\u7ef4\u5947\u00b7\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\uff08Andrei Andreyevich Markov\uff09\u7684\u7f8a\u6bdb\u6302\u6bef\uff0c\u662f\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u7684\u513f\u5b50\u9001\u7ed9\u4ed6\u7684\u6076\u4f5c\u5267\u793c\u7269\uff0c\u9690\u85cf\u7740\u4e00\u4e2a\u6709\u5173\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u6838\u5fc3\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u7b11\u8bdd\u3002<strong>\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u6bef\uff08Markov blanket\uff09<\/strong>\u5c31\u662f\u7528\u8fd9\u4f4d\u6570\u5b66\u5bb6\u7684\u540d\u5b57\u6765\u547d\u540d\u7684\u3002\u5728\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u4e2d\uff0c\u9a6c\u5c14\u79d1\u592b\u6bef\u80fd\u8d77\u5230\u5206\u79bb\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c06\u5206\u5c42\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\u7684\u67d0\u7ec4\u53d8\u91cf\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u53d8\u91cf\u533a\u5206\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u514b\u91cc\u65af\u591a\u798f\u00b7\u4f5b\u5229\u65af\uff08Christopher Frith\uff0ch-index 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90 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class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"94168\" data-color=\"#02b6b3\" data-custom=\"#02b6b3\">\n<section>\n<section>0<span class=\"\" title=\"\" data-original-title=\"\" data-num=\"5\">5<\/span><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\" data-brushtype=\"text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>\u8fc7\u53bb\u51e0\u5e74\uff0c\u4ee5\u56fe\u50cf\u3001\u4eba\u8138\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bed\u97f3\u8bc6\u522b\u4e3a\u5178\u578b\u4ee3\u8868\u7684\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u9886\u57df\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u98de\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u9700\u8981\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u524d\u671f\u6570\u636e\u53ca\u4eba\u7684\u76d1\u7763\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u666e\u9002\u6027\u5f88\u5dee\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u56fe\u50cf\u6216\u8bed\u8a00\u8bc6\u522b\uff0c\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u8fd8\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u79cd\u53eb\u505a<strong>\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60<\/strong>\uff08reinforcement learning\uff09\u7684\u7b97\u6cd5\uff0c\u5728\u8d62\u5f97\u56f4\u68cb\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u8c61\u68cb\u3001\u6253\u7816\u5757\uff08Atari\u2019s Breakout\uff09\u7b49\u5404\u79cd\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u8272\u3002\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4eba\u7c7b\u5bf9\u6d77\u91cf\u8bad\u7ec3\u6570\u636e\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u6ce8\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u6307\u5bfc\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5bfb\u6c42\u67d0\u79cd\u5956\u52b1\u2014\u2014\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u80dc\u5229\u3002\u795e\u7ecf\u7f51\u7edc\u5728\u4e00\u904d\u53c8\u4e00\u904d\u73a9\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u4f18\u5316\u52a8\u4f5c\u76f4\u81f3\u6253\u901a\u6700\u540e\u4e00\u5173\uff0c\u5c31\u597d\u6bd4\u72d7\u72d7\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f97\u5230\u5956\u52b1\u800c\u5b66\u4e60\u6267\u884c\u7279\u5b9a\u4efb\u52a1\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u95ee\u9898\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u4e5f\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\u3002<strong>\u73b0\u5b9e\u60c5\u51b5\u4e2d\u5927\u591a\u6570\u76ee\u6807\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u5355\u4e00\u7684\u3001\u72ed\u4e49\u7684\uff1b\u800c\u4e14\u5927\u591a\u6570\u60c5\u5f62\u90fd\u4e0d\u50cf\u6e38\u620f\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u7531\u7a33\u5b9a\u7684\u89c4\u5219\u7ea6\u675f\u3002<\/strong>\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u80cc\u540e\u5b8f\u4f1f\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u5728\u4e8e\uff0c\u8ba9\u673a\u5668\u4ee5\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u601d\u8003\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u76ee\u524d\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u505a\u4e0d\u5230\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u548c\u4ed6\u7684\u652f\u6301\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5931\u8d25\u6709\u56e0\u53ef\u5faa\u3002\u6bd5\u7adf\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c<strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u601d\u8003\u7684\u6839\u672c\u52a8\u529b\u4e0d\u662f\u5bfb\u6c42\u67d0\u79cd\u4efb\u610f\u7684\u5916\u5728\u5956\u52b1\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u9884\u6d4b\u8bef\u5dee<\/strong>\u3002\u663e\u7136\uff0c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u4e5f\u8be5\u5982\u6b64\u6a21\u4eff\u3002\u597d\u6d88\u606f\u662f\uff0c\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u80cc\u540e\u90a3\u4e9b\u5f88\u96be\u7ffb\u8bd1\u6210\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u8d1d\u53f6\u65af\u516c\u5f0f\uff0c\u5df2\u7ecf\u7528\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u8bed\u8a00\u7f16\u5199\u51fa\u6765\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n<p>2017 \u5e74\u672b\uff0c\u4f26\u6566\u56fd\u738b\u5b66\u9662\uff08King\u2019s College London\uff09\u795e\u7ecf\u7cfb\u7edf\u79d1\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u7f57\u838e\u7433\u00b7\u83ab\u5170\uff08Rosalyn Moran\uff09\u9886\u5bfc\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u8ba9\u4e24\u540d AI \u73a9\u5bb6\u5728 3D \u5c04\u51fb\u6e38\u620f\u300a\u6bc1\u706d\u6218\u58eb\u300b\uff08Doom\uff09\u4e2d\u5bf9\u51b3\uff0c\u4ee5\u6bd4\u8f83\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\uff08\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\uff09\u9a71\u52a8\u4e0e\u5956\u52b1\u6700\u5927\u5316\u9a71\u52a8\u7684\u5dee\u522b\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u7531\u5956\u52b1\u6700\u5927\u5316\u9a71\u52a8\u7684 AI\uff0c\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u4e2d\u6740\u6b7b\u4e00\u53ea\u602a\u517d\uff1b\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u9a71\u52a8 AI \u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u610f\u5916\u6700\u5c0f\u5316\u3002\u540e\u8005\u5f00\u59cb\u65f6\u8fdb\u7a0b\u7f13\u6162\uff0c\u4f46\u540e\u6765\u5b83\u8868\u73b0\u5f97\u50cf\u662f\u638c\u63e1\u4e86\u6e38\u620f\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e00\u6837\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b83\u597d\u50cf\u610f\u8bc6\u5230\uff0c\u81ea\u5df1\u5411\u5de6\u79fb\uff0c\u602a\u7269\u5c31\u4f1a\u5411\u53f3\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u4e00\u6bb5\u65f6\u95f4\u540e\u4eba\u4eec\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5373\u4f7f\u5728\u6e38\u620f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\uff0c<strong>\u5956\u52b1\u6700\u5927\u5316 AI \u8868\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u201c\u6ca1\u90a3\u4e48\u7a33\u5b9a\u201d\uff1b\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406 AI \u5219\u4f1a\u66f4\u597d\u5730\u9002\u5e94\u73af\u5883<\/strong>\u3002\u83ab\u5170\u63cf\u8ff0\uff1a\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u6709\u4e86\u63a2\u7d22\uff0c\u5b83\u6bd4\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60 AI \u7684\u8868\u73b0\u8981\u597d\u3002\u201d\u5728\u53e6\u4e00\u573a\u6a21\u62df\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406 AI \u4e0e\u771f\u4eba\u73a9\u5bb6\u5bf9\u51b3\u65f6\u5b83\u7684\u8868\u73b0\u4e0e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u76f8\u4f3c\uff1a\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u4e5f\u6ca1\u6025\u4e8e\u6c42\u6210\uff0c\u5148\u79ef\u6781\u63a2\u7d22\u73af\u5883\uff0c\u800c\u540e\u5feb\u901f\u8fbe\u5230\u4e86\u771f\u4eba\u73a9\u5bb6\u7684\u6c34\u5e73\u3002<\/p>\n<p>\u83ab\u5170\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff0c<strong>\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6df1\u5ea6\u5b66\u4e60\u7406\u8bba\u6b63\u5728\u9010\u6e10\u63a5\u53d7\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406<\/strong>\u3002\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u6709\u5b66\u751f\u53bb\u4e86 DeepMind \u548c Google Brain \u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u540d\u8fd8\u521b\u5efa\u4e86\u534e\u4e3a\u7684\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u7406\u8bba\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\uff08Huawei\u2019s Artificial Intelligence Theory lab\uff09\u3002\u4f46\u5b83\u8fd8\u6ca1\u50cf\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\u65b9\u6cd5\u90a3\u6837\u666e\u904d\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u8ba1\u7b97\u673a\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u672c\u79d1\u751f\u90fd\u5728\u94bb\u7814\u5f3a\u5316\u5b66\u4e60\uff0c\u201c\u4f46\u4ed6\u4eec\u8fd8\u6ca1\u63a5\u89e6\u8fc7\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u6211\u7b2c\u4e00\u6b21\u95ee\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u548c\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48\u8054\u7cfb\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c<strong>\u4ed6\u9884\u6d4b\u5728 5~10 \u5e74\u5185\uff0c\u5927\u591a\u6570\u673a\u5668\u5b66\u4e60\u7b97\u6cd5\u5c06\u4f1a\u628a\u81ea\u7531\u80fd\u91cf\u539f\u7406\u6574\u5408\u8fdb\u53bb\u3002<\/strong>\u95ee\u5230\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\uff0c\u4ed6\u544a\u8bc9\u6211\uff1a\u201c\u60f3\u60f3\u5b83\u4e3a\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\uff08active inference\uff09\uff0c\u201d\u8fb9\u7b11\u8fb9\u7b49\u7740\u6211\u56de\u5473\u4ed6\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u6e38\u620f\uff0c\u9732\u51fa\u6d01\u767d\u7684\u7259\u9f7f\u3002\u201c\u56e0\u4e3a\u7b80\u79f0\u662fAI\u5440\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\u4e3b\u52a8\u63a8\u7406\u662f\u65b0\u7684 AI \u5417\uff1f\u5f53\u7136\u5566\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0\u4e00\u6837\u554a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<section class=\"\" data-tools=\"135\u7f16\u8f91\u5668\" data-id=\"94168\" data-color=\"#02b6b3\" data-custom=\"#02b6b3\">\n<section>\n<section>0<span class=\"\" title=\"\" data-original-title=\"\" data-num=\"6\">6<\/span><\/section>\n<section>\n<section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section class=\"\" data-brushtype=\"text\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0<\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<section><\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<p>2010 \u5e74\uff0c\u54e5\u4f26\u6bd4\u4e9a\u5927\u5b66\uff08Columbia University\uff09\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u75c5\u5b66\u5bb6\u5f7c\u5f97\u00b7\u5f17\u5229\u5fb7\uff08Peter Freed\uff09\u627e\u6765 15 \u540d\u7814\u7a76\u5927\u8111\u7684\u540c\u884c\uff0c\u4e00\u8d77\u8ba8\u8bba\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u7684\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u5f17\u5229\u5fb7\u540e\u6765\u5728\u6587\u7ae0\u91cc\u56de\u5fc6\uff1a\u201c\u6211\u4eec\u4e2d\u61c2\u6570\u5b66\u7684\u4eba\u8fd8\u633a\u591a\uff1a\u4e09\u540d\u7edf\u8ba1\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e24\u540d\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u7269\u7406\u5316\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4e00\u540d\u6838\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u5927\u7fa4\u795e\u7ecf\u5f71\u50cf\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u4f46\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u80fd\u7406\u89e3\u90a3\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u540e\u6765\u6211\u53c8\u627e\u4e86\u4e00\u4f4d\u666e\u6797\u65af\u987f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u3001\u4e00\u4f4d\u65af\u5766\u798f\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u5bb6\u4e00\u4f4d\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e00\u4f4d\u51b7\u6cc9\u6e2f\u7684\u795e\u7ecf\u751f\u7269\u5b66\u5bb6\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u90fd\u4e00\u6837\uff1a\u8bba\u6587\u91cc\u6709\u592a\u591a\u516c\u5f0f\u3001\u5047\u8bbe\u3001\u8fd0\u52a8\u90e8\u4ef6\u4e86\uff0c\u7406\u8bba\u4e5f\u5f88\u5168\u5c40\u5316\uff0c<strong>\u6211\u4eec\u8fde\u95ee\u9898\u90fd\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ece\u4f55\u95ee\u8d77\uff0c\u6240\u4ee5\u5927\u5bb6\u90fd\u653e\u5f03\u4e86<\/strong>\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n<p>\u5f88\u591a\u4eba\u88ab\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u6666\u6da9\u96be\u61c2\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5f04\u5f97\u5f88\u607c\u706b\uff0c\u4f46\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u4eba\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4ed6\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5982\u540c\u8fbe\u5c14\u6587\u7684\u81ea\u7136\u9009\u62e9\u5b66\u8bf4\u4e00\u822c\uff0c\u5f00\u542f\u4e86\u65b0\u4e16\u754c\u7684\u5927\u95e8\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u90e8\u5206\u90fd\u8574\u542b\u4e86\u6df1\u5965\u7684\u9053\u7406\u3002\u52a0\u62ff\u5927\u54f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u9ea6\u514b\u65af\u97e6\u00b7\u62c9\u59c6\u65af\u7279\u5fb7\uff08Maxwell Ramstead\uff09\u5728 2014 \u5e74\u9996\u6b21\u9605\u8bfb\u5f17\u91cc\u65af\u987f\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5c31\u5df2\u7ecf\u5728\u5bfb\u627e\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5c06\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u6b21\u7684\u590d\u6742\u751f\u547d\u7cfb\u7edf\u5173\u8054\u8d77\u6765\u2014\u2014\u4ece\u7ec6\u80de\u5230\u5927\u8111\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2a\u4f53\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u30022016 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