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\u5728\u9009\u9898\u65f6\u8981\u5bf9\u4ee5\u4e0a\u51e0\u65b9\u9762\u4e0b\u8db3\u529f\u592b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u68c0\u9a8c\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9009\u9898\u662f\u5426\u6709\u610f\u4e49\uff0c\u8fd8\u662f\u672c\u5c31\u5728\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u524d\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u8bc1\u6210\u8fc7\u7684\u4f2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u9664\u4e86\u591a\u9605\u8bfb\u3001\u591a\u641c\u96c6\u8d44\u6599\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5916\uff0c\u6ca1\u4ec0\u4e48\u6377\u5f84\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e5f\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u627e\u4eba\u4ee3\u66ff\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u4eb2\u529b\u4eb2\u4e3a\u3002\u5e76\u4e14\uff0c\u51b3\u4e0d\u80fd\u5c40\u9650\u4e8e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u9886\u57df\u5c0f\u5708\u5b50\u3002\u201c\u6c5d\u6b32\u5b66\u4f5c\u8bd7\uff0c\u529f\u592b\u5728\u8bd7\u5916\u201d\uff08\u8096\u6c38\u5e73\uff1a\u300a\u6cd5\u5b66\u5b66\u4e60\u4e0e\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\uff0c\u7b2c57\u9875\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n \u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u970d\u653f\u6b23\u8001\u5e08\u4e5f\u662f\u5f3a\u8c03\u5927\u5bb6\u62d3\u5bbd\u89c6\u91ce\uff0c\u5386\u53f2\u7684\u3001\u6587\u5b66\u7684\u3001\u653f\u6cbb\u7684\u3001\u56fd\u9645\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u3001\u6cd5\u5f8b\u53f2\u7684\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6587\u8a00\u6587\u7684\uff0c\u90fd\u8981\u53bb\u8bd5\u7740\u9605\u8bfb\u3002\u539a\u79ef\u8584\u53d1\uff0c\u5e95\u5b50\u6253\u7262\u4e86\uff0c\u65e0\u8bba\u505a\u4ec0\u4e48\u9009\u9898\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u90fd\u662f\u6709\u76ca\u65e0\u5bb3\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u9ad8\u5065\u519b\u8001\u5e08\u7ed9\u6211\u4eec\u7684\u8b66\u9192\uff1a\u5728\u505a\u8d44\u6599\u68c0\u7d22\u548c\u5206\u6790\u7684\u8fd9\u4e2a\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e00\u9f13\u4f5c\u6c14\u3001\u518d\u800c\u8870\u3001\u4e09\u800c\u7aed\u3002\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u62d6\u62d6\u62c9\u62c9\uff0c\u8981\u5c3d\u53ef\u80fd\u7a77\u7aed\u6240\u6709\u53ef\u67e5\u5230\u5e76\u4e14\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u3001\u6709\u542b\u91d1\u91cf\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u6599\u7a77\u7aed\u8fd9\u65b9\u9762\uff0c\u6211\u4e5f\u6ca1\u505a\u5230\uff0c\u4f46\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e2a\u52aa\u529b\u7684\u65b9\u5411\u3002<\/p>\n \u56db\u3001\u5bf9\u64b0\u5199\u5f00\u9898\u62a5\u544a\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\uff1a\u4e09\u90e8\u5206\u633a\u91cd\u8981<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e00\u3001\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u9009\u9898\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u6587\u7ae0\u5927\u7eb2\uff0c\u5373\u4e09\u7ea7\u76ee\u5f55\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u81ea\u4e0d\u5f85\u8a00\uff1b<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e8c\u3001\u662f\u4f60\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\uff1b<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e09\u3001\u662f\u4f60\u5c06\u4f7f\u7528\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n \u5bf9\u4e8e\u5f88\u591a\u6cd5\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u5305\u62ec\u4f20\u7edf\u56fd\u9645\u79c1\u6cd5\u7684\u5b66\u7406\u6846\u67b6\u53ca\u5176\u5206\u652f\u591a\u5df2\u6210\u578b\uff0c\u800c\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u4ee5\u521b\u65b0\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u6c34\u5e73\u9ad8\u4e0b\u7684\u6807\u6746\uff0c\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u5bf9\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u63d0\u51fa\u4e86\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u8981\u6c42\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u7814\u7a76\u7d20\u6750\u4e0a\u9700\u5bc6\u5207\u5173\u6ce8\u76f8\u5173\u524d\u6cbf\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u9700\u6709\u522b\u4e8e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u8981\u4e48\u89c2\u70b9\u9700\u6709\u65b0\u610f\u3001\u8bba\u8bc1\u601d\u8def\u9700\u6709\u72ec\u5230\u601d\u8003\u3002<\/p>\n \u603b\u4e4b\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u521b\u65b0\u70b9\uff0c\u6216\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u76f8\u6bd4\u6709\u54ea\u4e9b\u77e5\u8bc6\u6216\u5b66\u7406\u589e\u957f\u70b9\uff0c\u5219\u8fd9\u4efd\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u5f88\u96be\u8bf4\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u57fa\u672c\u5b66\u672f\u89c4\u8303\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\u3002\u4e94\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5c42\u9762<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u65b9\u6cd5case method:\u4ece\u5224\u4f8b\u7814\u8bfb\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bfb\u627e\u95ee\u9898\u70b9\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u4f5c\u4e3a\u652f\u70b9\uff1bnormative method:\u4ece\u89c4\u8303\u5206\u6790\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u53bb\u627e\u611f\u89c9\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5f97\u5148\u7f15\u6e05\u695a\u5236\u5ea6\u8d70\u5411\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\uff0c\u4e0d\u59a8\u4ece\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\u5f00\u59cb\u505a\u8d77\uff1bempirical method:\u5b9e\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u5f88\u5f3a\uff0c\u7528\u5f97\u597d\u53ef\u4ee5\u72ec\u6811\u4e00\u5e1c\uff0c\u4f46\u662f\u5165\u95e8\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\uff0c\u5165\u95e8\u5982\uff1a\u90ed\u4e91\u5fe0\u300a\u6cd5\u5f8b\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\u5bfc\u8bba\u300b\uff0c\u8303\u672c\u5982\uff1a\u5b8b\u8fde\u658c\u300a\u7533\u8bf7\u64a4\u9500\u6267\u884c\u4ef2\u88c1\u88c1\u51b3\uff1a\u73b0\u72b6\u3001\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u5efa\u8a00\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u89c9\u609f<\/p>\n \u9752\u5e74\u5b66\u8005\u5f97\u5c1d\u8bd5\u505a\u5fae\u89c2\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u522b\u505a\u201c\u4e07\u91d1\u6cb9\u201d\uff1b\u7b14\u6746\u5b50\u5f97\u78e8\u51fa\u6765\uff0c\u591a\u8bfb\u591a\u770b\u591a\u601d\u8003\u591a\u5199\u4f5c\u624d\u662f\u738b\u9053\u3002\u5b9e\u5728\u662f\u6ca1\u6709\u9009\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4f60\u5c31\u53bb\u8ffd\u8e2a\u6700\u65b0\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u8bba\u575b\uff0c\u770b\u770b\u63a8\u8350\u9009\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n \u516d\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u8bad\u7ec3\u7684\u51e0\u70b9\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u6c42<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e00\uff0c\u638c\u63e1\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u89c4\u8303\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u5f15\u6ce8\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u5199\u4f5c\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u89c4\u8303\u3001\u903b\u8f91\u89c4\u8303\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u5178\u578b\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u662f\u5199\u6458\u8981\u8981\u51dd\u7ec3\u6e05\u6670\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u8868\u8fbe\u8981\u51c6\u786e\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u5b89\u6392\u8981\u6709\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u8ffd\u6c42\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u4fe1\u8fbe\u96c5\u201d\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u662f\u9700\u8981\u6253\u78e8\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u662f\u8981\u7422\u78e8\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e8c\uff0c\u8981\u6709\u521b\u65b0\u610f\u8bc6\uff0c\u5199\u4f5c\u6216\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5148\u8003\u8651\u6e05\u695a\uff0c\u4e0e\u5df2\u6709\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u6216\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u53ef\u6709\u65b0\u610f\uff1f\u5982\u679c\u5355\u7eaf\u662f\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u5806\u79ef\uff0c\u90a3\u4e0d\u5982\u4e0d\u505a\uff0c\u5426\u5219\u7ec8\u4f1a\u6ca6\u4e3a\u5783\u573e\u3002<\/p>\n \u5176\u4e09\uff0c\u9009\u9898\u6e05\u695a\u2014\u2014\u601d\u8def\u6216\u89c6\u89d2\u6709\u65b0\u610f\u2014\u2014\u8d44\u6599\u6536\u96c6\u505a\u624e\u5b9e\u2014\u2014\u7528\u7b26\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u505a\u8d44\u6599\u7684\u5206\u6790\u4e0e\u8fd0\u7528\u2014\u2014\u5408\u903b\u8f91\u5730\u6709\u8bba\u636e\u5730\u5f97\u51fa\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5c31\u6700\u8d77\u7801\u505a\u5230\u5408\u683c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n \u66f2\u65b0\u4e45\uff1a\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u5408\u683c\u7684\u7ed3\u8bfe\u4f5c\u4e1a\uff1f\u62c6\u9664\u6587\u7ae0\u6240\u6709\u5f15\u81ea\u4ed6\u4eba\u7684\u89c2\u70b9\u3001\u6587\u732e\u3001\u6ce8\u91ca\uff0c\u4ecd\u7136\u80fd\u7559\u5b58\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u4e2d\u5fc3\u547d\u9898\u3001\u7ed3\u6784\u8f6e\u5ed3\u3001\u8bba\u8bc1\u601d\u8def\uff0c\u90a3\u8fd9\u5c31\u662f\u5408\u683c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n \u6709\u51e0\u70b9\u6559\u8bad\u4e0e\u5927\u5bb6\u5171\u52c9\uff1a<\/p>\n 1\u3001\u5b66\u4e60\u5982\u4f55\u53bb\u505a\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u8fa9\uff0c\u5173\u5fc3\u52a8\u6001\uff0c\u522b\u4e00\u5473\u8ffd\u6367\u6240\u8c13\u201c\u6743\u5a01\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 2\u3001\u4e25\u7981\u95ed\u95e8\u9020\u8f66\uff0c\u591a\u542c\u5b66\u754c\u58f0\u97f3\uff0c\u77e5\u6839\u77e5\u5e95\u3001\u77e5\u5df1\u77e5\u5f7c\u662f\u6cd5\u79d1\u751f\u7684\u5fc5\u4fee\u8bfe\uff0c\u8981\u503c\u5f97\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5927\u725b\u5728\u201c\u8bf4\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3001\u201c\u600e\u4e48\u8bf4\u201d\u3001\u201c\u9488\u950b\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u4e89\u70b9\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u201d\u3002<\/p>\n 3\u3001\u5bfb\u6c42\u826f\u6027\u5faa\u73af\uff0c\u627e\u51c6\u67d0\u4e2a\u5177\u4f53\u9009\u9898\u540e\uff0c\u505a\u8fde\u7eed\u6027\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n 4\u3001\u5207\u5fcc\u6d6e\u8e81\uff0c\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u65f6\u4ee3\u8d44\u6599\u6cdb\u6ee5\uff0c\u65e2\u662f\u597d\u4e8b\u4e5f\u662f\u574f\u4e8b\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u501f\u7531\u7f51\u7edc\u6216\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u627e\u5230\u81ea\u5df1\u6240\u9700\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u66f4\u591a\u7684\u6742\u4e71\u6750\u6599\u6216\u7c97\u5236\u6ee5\u9020\u7684\u6587\u732e\u906e\u4f4f\u53cc\u773c\uff0c\u8981\u64e6\u6e05\u53cc\u773c\u3001\u5b66\u4f1a\u8fa8\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n 5\u3001\u8981\u9002\u5f53\u53c2\u52a0\u6709\u76ca\u7684\u8bba\u575b\u6216\u4f1a\u8bae\u6c72\u53d6\u6709\u76ca\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4f46\u522b\u8ddf\u98ce\uff0c\u8981\u627e\u51c6\u5e72\u8d27\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u90fd\u9002\u5408\u3002<\/p>\n \u5199\u4f5c\u5e38\u72af\u7684\u6bdb\u75c5\uff1a<\/p>\n 1\u3001\u5199\u8bba\u6587\u6216\u8bfe\u9898\u62a5\u544a\u65f6\uff0c\u8981\u6d89\u53ca\u540c\u4e00\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4e3b\u9898\u4e0b\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5728\u5404\u6bb5\u843d\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5206\u5c42\u540e\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u8282\u4e4b\u95f4\u5272\u88c2\u73b0\u8c61\u4e25\u91cd\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u6bb5\u4e4b\u95f4\u5173\u8054\u6027\u4e0d\u5f3a\uff0c\u601d\u7ef4\u8df3\u8dc3\u6027\u592a\u5927\uff0c\u5f88\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8854\u63a5\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/p>\n \u6295\u7a3f\u4e09\u6b21\u90fd\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\uff1a\u300a\u56fd\u9645\u6295\u8d44\u4ef2\u88c1\u7684\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u4e0e\u53cc\u8fb9\u6295\u8d44\u534f\u5b9a\u7684\u89e3\u91ca\u95ee\u9898\u63a2\u6790\u300b\uff0c\u4e09\u6295\u4e09\u62d2\u3002\u6839\u6e90\u5728\u4e8e\u9009\u9898\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u672c\u6765\u5c31\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e0d\u53ef\u907f\u514d\u5272\u88c2\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u5f88\u91cd\u3002<\/p>\n 2\u3001\u771f\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5b66\u95ee\uff0c\u6709\u89c1\u8bc6\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u6027\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u9610\u91ca\u6027\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u5efa\u6784\u6027\u7684\u3002\u4ec0\u4e48\u662f\u9610\u91ca\u6027\u7684\u5462\uff1f\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e2a\u4e49\u7406\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u6df1\u5165\u900f\u89c6\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u300a\u8bba\u56fd\u9645\u79c1\u6cd5\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5272\u65b9\u6cd5\u300b\u3001\u300a\u6548\u7387\u8fdd\u7ea6\u7684\u6bd4\u8f83\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u3001\u300a\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c11\u4e8b\u8bc9\u8bbc\u7ba1\u8f96\u6743\u63a2\u7a76\u2014\u2014\u517c\u8bba\u5bf9Personal Jurisdiction\u7684\u7ffb\u8bd1\u300b\uff0c\u5c0f\u95ee\u9898\u53ef\u4ee5\u6316\u5f97\u5f88\u6df1\u3002<\/p>\n 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