{"id":20384,"date":"2018-11-09T11:04:16","date_gmt":"2018-11-09T03:04:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kuaiqikan.com\/?p=20384"},"modified":"2018-11-09T11:04:16","modified_gmt":"2018-11-09T03:04:16","slug":"guan-yu-lun-wen-xuan-ti-chang-jiang-xue-zhe-gei-de-jian-yi-shi-shen-me","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuaiqikan.com\/guan-yu-lun-wen-xuan-ti-chang-jiang-xue-zhe-gei-de-jian-yi-shi-shen-me\/","title":{"rendered":"\u5173\u4e8e\u8bba\u6587\u9009\u9898\uff0c\u957f\u6c5f\u5b66\u8005\u7ed9\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"
\u600e\u6837\u5f62\u6210\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u9009\u9898,<\/span>\u8981\u5f62\u6210\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u9009\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5982\u4f55\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n \u5148\u6765\u8bf4\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u6587\u732e\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u4e0e\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u4e0e\u7f3a\u61be\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e\u65b0\u7684\u589e\u957f\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\uff0c\u6709\u4ee5\u4e0b\u51e0\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n \uff081\uff09\u76ef\u4f4f\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u732e\u3002<\/strong>\u6bcf\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e9b\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u671f\u520a\uff08\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff09\u3001\u7ecf\u5178\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u3001\u8457\u4f5c\u4ee3\u8868\u4e86\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u9605\u8bfb\u8fd9\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u3001\u8457\u4f5c\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba9\u521d\u5b66\u8005\u5bf9\u5f53\u524d\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5927\u81f4\u7684\u4e86\u89e3\u3002\u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u7784\u51c6\u4e3b\u6d41\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u6392\u65a5\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u8bfb\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8981\u5408\u7406\u5730\u5b89\u6392\u6587\u732e\u9605\u8bfb\u7684\u65f6\u95f4\u548c\u7cbe\u529b\u3002\u5bf9\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6295\u5165\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u591a\u4e00\u4e9b\uff0c\u5bf9\u975e\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u732e\u7684\u6295\u5165\u9002\u5f53\u5730\u5c11\u4e00\u4e9b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u76ef\u4f4f\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8005\u3002<\/strong>\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8005\u662f\u6307\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u7b2c\u4e00\u7ebf\u7684\u3001\u4ee3\u8868\u7740\u5f53\u524d\u56fd\u5185\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5b66\u8005\u3002\u7814\u8bfb\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u8457\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4ece\u4e2d\u5b66\u5230\u5f88\u591a\u4e1c\u897f\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u524d\u6cbf\u7684\u672f\u8bed\u3001\u6982\u5ff5\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u6709\u89c2\u5bdf\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u3001\u5206\u6790\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u601d\u8def\u3001\u8bba\u8bc1\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7b49\u7b49\u3002\u53e6\u5916\uff0c\u5728\u7814\u8bfb\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u8457\u65f6\uff0c\u9664\u4e86\u5173\u6ce8\u5b83\u7684\u6b63\u6587\u5916\uff0c\u8fd8\u8981\u5173\u6ce8\u5b83\u6b63\u6587\u4ee5\u5916\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u3002\u56e0\u4e3a\uff0c\u6b63\u6587\u5916\u7684\u90e8\u5206\u4e5f\u80fd\u63d0\u4f9b\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u3001\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u5c31\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u5f88\u591a\u6709\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7559\u5fc3\u89c2\u5bdf\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4e0d\u96be\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u6240\u5217\u4e3e\u7684\u5f80\u5f80\u90fd\u662f\u6700\u5177\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u7684\u6587\u732e\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6587\u732e\u201c\u6309\u56fe\u7d22\u9aa5\u201d\uff0c\u4ee5\u6587\u732e\u68c0\u7d22\u6587\u732e\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u627e\u5230\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6587\u732e\uff0c\u4e00\u7bc7\u7bc7\u5730\u8bfb\u8fc7\u53bb\u3002\u6587\u732e\u8bfb\u5b8c\u4e86\uff0c\u5bf9\u4e3b\u6d41\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e5f\u5c31\u4e86\u89e3\u5f97\u5dee\u4e0d\u591a\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff083\uff09\u76ef\u4f4f\u524d\u6cbf\u52a8\u6001\u3002<\/strong>\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u6cbf\u52a8\u6001\u7684\u9014\u5f84\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u9605\u8bfb\u4e3b\u6d41\u6587\u732e\u3001\u4e3b\u6d41\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u8bba\u8457\u3001\u53c2\u52a0\u5b66\u672f\u4f1a\u8bae\u3001\u8046\u542c\u5b66\u672f\u62a5\u544a\u7b49\u3002\u4f46\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9014\u5f84\uff0c\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fd8\u6bd4\u8f83\u96f6\u6563\uff1b\u76f8\u5bf9\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u300aXXX\u5e74\u9274\u300b\u5219\u53ef\u4ee5\u5e2e\u52a9\u8bfb\u8005\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u4e86\u89e3\u67d0\u4e00\u9886\u57df\u4e00\u5e74\u4ee5\u6765\u91cd\u5927\u8fdb\u5c55\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u4ee5\u300a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5e74\u9274\u300b\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u8be5\u5e74\u9274\u59cb\u521b\u4e8e2015\u5e74\uff0c\u76ee\u524d\u5df2\u51fa\u7248\u4e09\u5377\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u5e74\u9274\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5bf9\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u5404\u9886\u57df\uff08\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u91cc\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u795e\u7ecf\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u3001\u8bed\u8a00\u6f14\u53d8\u3001\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u7b49\uff09\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u8fdb\u5c55\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5feb\u901f\u7684\u3001\u7cfb\u7edf\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5982\u4f55\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n \u63a5\u4e0b\u6765\uff0c\u8bf4\u4e00\u4e0b\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bf4\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u5f62\u6210\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u9009\u9898\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u5219\u662f\u201c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\uff08\u82cf\u683c\u62c9\u5e95\uff09\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u624d\u60c5\u4e0e\u5929\u5206\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u81ea\u5df1\u662f\u5426\u5177\u5907\u4e86\u4ece\u4e8b\u67d0\u79cd\u6216\u67d0\u4e2a\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u9009\u9898\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\u548c\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u4f46\u8981\u771f\u6b63\u505a\u5230\u8ba4\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\u3001\u8ba4\u6e05\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u624d\u60c5\u4e0e\u5929\u5206\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u4ef6\u5bb9\u6613\u7684\u4e8b\u3002\u4e09\u56fd\u601d\u60f3\u5bb6\u5218\u90b5\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u6027\u60c5\u4e4b\u7406\u751a\u5fae\u800c\u7384\uff0c\u975e\u5723\u4eba\u4e4b\u5bdf\uff0c\u5176\u5b70\u80fd\u7a76\u4e4b\u54c9\u3002\u201d\uff08\u300a\u4eba\u7269\u5fd7\u2022\u4e5d\u5f81\u300b\uff09\u65e2\u7136\u5982\u6b64\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5c31\u6ca1\u529e\u6cd5\u8ba4\u8bc6\u81ea\u5df1\u4e86\u5462\uff1f\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5c3d\u7136\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u4e2d\u56fd\u4e94\u5343\u5e74\u7684\u6587\u660e\u53f2\u9020\u5c31\u4e86\u8f89\u714c\u707f\u70c2\u7684\u4e2d\u534e\u6587\u660e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u4e5f\u79ef\u7d2f\u4e86\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3002\u501f\u9274\u8fd9\u4e9b\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u6709\u5229\u4e8e\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u201c\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4f60\u81ea\u5df1\u201d\u3002<\/span>\uff081\uff09\u4ece\u6027\u683c\u770b\uff0c<\/strong>\u6e05\u4ee3\u53f2\u5b66\u5bb6\u7ae0\u5b66\u8bda\u4ece\u6027\u683c\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u5c06\u5b66\u8005\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u7c7b\uff1a\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u9ad8\u660e\u8005\uff0c\u6027\u683c\u5916\u5411\u3001\u723d\u6717\uff1b\u4e00\u7c7b\u662f\u6c89\u6f5c\u8005\uff0c\u6027\u683c\u5185\u5411\u3001\u6c89\u7a33\u3002\u6027\u683c\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u7406\u89e3\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u9886\u57df\u4e5f\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u201c\u9ad8\u660e\u8005\u7531\u5927\u7565\u800c\u5207\u6c42\uff0c\u6c89\u6f5c\u8005\u5faa\u5ea6\u6570\u800c\u5f90\u8fbe\u201d\uff08\u300a\u6587\u53f2\u901a\u4e49\u2022\u535a\u7ea6\u4e0b\u300b\uff09\uff1b\u201c\u9ad8\u660e\u8005\u591a\u72ec\u65ad\u4e4b\u8bba\uff0c\u6c89\u6f5c\u8005\u5c1a\u8003\u7d22\u4e4b\u529f\u201d\uff08\u300a\u6587\u53f2\u901a\u4e49\u2022\u7b54\u5ba2\u95ee\u4e2d\u300b\uff09\u3002\u6362\u53e5\u8bdd\u8bf4\uff0c\u9ad8\u660e\u8005\u5584\u4e8e\u4ece\u8981\u70b9\u5165\u624b\u800c\u8fc5\u901f\u6c42\u7d22\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4ece\u4e8b\u72ec\u81ea\u88c1\u65ad\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u4e4b\u5b66\uff1b\u6c89\u9759\u8005\u559c\u6b22\u9075\u5faa\u7a0b\u5e8f\u800c\u9010\u6e10\u901a\u6653\uff0c\u9002\u5408\u4ece\u4e8b\u8003\u636e\u6c42\u7d22\u65b9\u9762\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u4ece\u8d44\u8d28\u770b\uff0c<\/strong>\u94b1\u7a46\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a\u201c\u5927\u62b5\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u4e0a\u6210\u5c31\u5927\u7684\u4eba\u90fd\u4e0d\u662f\u7b2c\u4e00\u7b49\u5929\u8d44\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u806a\u660e\u4eba\u603b\u65e0\u6bc5\u529b\u4e0e\u50bb\u6c14\u3002\u201d\u8bb0\u5f97\u6c64\u7528\u5f64\u4e5f\u8bf4\u8fc7\uff1a<\/span>\u4e8c\u6d41\u8d44\u8d28\u9009\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u4e09\u6d41\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\uff1b\u4e8c\u6d41\u7684\u8d44\u8d28\u9009\u4e09\u6d41\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff0c\u5012\u6709\u53ef\u80fd\u505a\u51fa\u4e00\u6d41\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u89c9\u5f97\u81ea\u5df1\u5929\u8d44\u806a\u660e\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u5c31\u505a\u4e00\u6d41\u7684\u9898\u76ee\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u81ea\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5929\u8d44\u4e0d\u9ad8\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6700\u597d\u505a\u4e8c\u6d41\u6216\u4e09\u6d41\u7684\u9898\u76ee<\/strong>\u3002\u505a\u5b66\u95ee\u4e00\u5b9a\u8981\u811a\u8e0f\u5b9e\u5730\uff0c\u91cf\u529b\u800c\u884c\u3002\u5207\u5fcc\u597d\u9ad8\u9a9b\u8fdc\u3001\u773c\u9ad8\u624b\u4f4e\uff1b\u6709\u591a\u5927\u7684\u672c\u94b1\u5c31\u505a\u591a\u5927\u7684\u4e70\u5356\uff0c\u5207\u5fcc\u5c0f\u672c\u94b1\u505a\u5927\u4e70\u5356\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6700\u540e\u8981\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u4e00\u70b9\u662f\uff1a\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u9009\u9898\u4e0d\u89c1\u5f97\u90fd\u662f\u597d\u9898\u76ee\u3002<\/strong>\u6709\u4e9b<\/span>\u201c\u7b28\u201d<\/strong>\u9898\u76ee\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u505a\u51fa\u597d\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u4e5f\u53ef\u4ee5\u8d77\u5230\u586b\u8865\u7a7a\u767d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u4ece\u8fd9\u4e2a\u610f\u4e49\u4e0a\u8bf4\uff0c\u7b28\u9898\u76ee\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u4f8b\u5b50\u6709\u5f88\u591a\uff0c\u4ee5\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u754c\u7684\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff1a\u6709\u4e9b\u9009\u9898\u6bd4\u8f83\u5b8f\u5927\uff0c\u975e\u4e00\u822c\u4eba\u6240\u80fd\u80dc\u4efb\uff0c\u5982\u738b\u529b\u7684\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\uff081989\uff09\u3001\u5468\u6cd5\u9ad8\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u53e4\u4ee3\u8bed\u6cd5\u300b\uff081959\uff09\u3001\u592a\u7530\u8fb0\u592b\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u6cd5\u300b\uff081958\/2003\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u9009\u9898\u5177\u4f53\u5207\u5b9e\uff0c\u4e0d\u5bb9\u6613\u4e0a\u5347\u4e3a\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5982\u4e01\u58f0\u6811\u7684\u300a\u91ca\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcd\u2018\u5f17\u2019\u2018\u4e0d\u2019\u300b\uff081933\uff09\uff0c\u5415\u53d4\u6e58\u7684\u300a\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u6307\u4ee3\u8bcd\u300b\uff081985\uff09\uff0c\u9999\u5742\u987a\u4e00\u7684\u300a\u6c34\u6d52\u8bcd\u6c47\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u865a\u8bcd\u90e8\u5206\uff09\u300b\uff081992\uff09\u7b49\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u9009\u9898\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u8fd8\u5f88\u201c\u7b28\u201d\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u82b1\u5927\u529f\u592b\u624d\u80fd\u51fa\u597d\u6210\u679c\u3002\u4f46\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9898\u76ee\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4ee5\u4e0a\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u6253\u78e8\u540e\uff0c\u90fd\u201c\u8131\u80ce\u6362\u9aa8\u201d\u6447\u8eab\u4e00\u53d8\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u7cbe\u54c1\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u53d8\u6210\u4e86\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff1a\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u53f2\u300b\u662f\u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u53d1\u5c55\u53f2\u4e0a\u7684\u4e00\u4e2a\u91cc\u7a0b\u7891\u5f0f\u7684\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u5386\u53f2\u6587\u6cd5\u300b\u662f\u8fd1\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5f00\u5c71\u4e4b\u4f5c\uff0c\u300a\u91ca\u5426\u5b9a\u8bcd\u2018\u5f17\u2019\u2018\u4e0d\u2019\u300b\u201c\u4e0d\u4f46\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u91cd\u8981\uff0c\u800c\u4e14\u5728\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0a\u4e5f\u5177\u6709\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u201d\uff08\u6731\u5fb7\u71991989\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6211\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u7ecf\u5386\u4e0e\u6559\u8bad\u6709\u4ec0\u4e48<\/span><\/p>\n 1.\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587<\/span><\/p>\n \u62111984\u5e74\u5728\u676d\u5dde\u5927\u5b66\u8bfb\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u8bed\u6cd5\u5b66\u754c\u6b63\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u6c49\u8bed\u8bed\u6cd5\u7684\u7279\u70b9\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u674e\u8bb7\u548c\u6c64\u666e\u68ee\uff08Charles Li&Thompson 1976\uff09\u57fa\u4e8e\u7c7b\u578b\u5b66\u7684\u89c6\u89d2\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u6c49\u8bed\u5c5e\u4e8e\u8bdd\u9898\u7a81\u51fa\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u82f1\u8bed\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e3b\u8bed\u7a81\u51fa\u578b\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\uff082\uff09\u7533\u5c0f\u9f99\uff081986\uff09\u901a\u8fc7\u7814\u7a76\u300a\u5de6\u4f20\u300b\u4e3b\u9898\u53e5\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u897f\u65b9\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u7126\u70b9\u900f\u89c6\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u52a8\u8bcd\u662f\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u6293\u4f4f\u7684\u4e86\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e5f\u5c31\u6293\u4f4f\u4e86\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7075\u9b42\uff1b\u6c49\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u6563\u70b9\u900f\u89c6\u578b\u7684\uff0c\u53e5\u5b50\u4e0d\u7531\u52a8\u8bcd\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u201c\u7531\u7b80\u5355\u660e\u6670\u7684\u65f6\u5e8f\u548c\u903b\u8f91\u4e8b\u7406\u8109\u7edc\u8d2f\u7a7f\u7684\u201d\u3002\uff083\uff09\u8303\u7ee7\u6df9\uff081983\uff09\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u6c49\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u8c13\u8bcd\u524d\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u591a\u4e2aNP\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u662f\u6bcf\u4e00\u4e2aNP\u90fd\u548c\u8c13\u8bcd\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\u3002\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u8001\u5f20\u7684\u5904\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u6211\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u201d\uff0c\u8c13\u8bcd\u524d\u6709\u4e09\u4e2aNP\uff08\u201c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u201d\u201c\u8001\u5f20\u7684\u5904\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u201d\u201c\u6211\u201d\uff09\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u6709\u201c\u6211\u201d\u548c\u8c13\u8bcd\u76f4\u63a5\u76f8\u5173\uff08\u5145\u5f53\u65bd\u4e8b\uff09\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u90fd\u548c\u8c13\u8bcd\u6ca1\u6709\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u5145\u5f53\u7cfb\u4e8b\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u6c49\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7ec4\u7ec7\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f3c\u4e4e\u8131\u79bb\u4e86\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u8bed\u4e49\u63a7\u5236\u3002\u4e8e\u662f\uff0c\u6211\u6709\u4e86\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u53e5\u5b50\u662f\u600e\u6837\u7ec4\u7ec7\u8d77\u6765\u5f62\u6210\u53e5\u6cd5\u4e0a\u5408\u683c\u3001\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u53ef\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\uff1f\u6211\u51b3\u5fc3\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u641e\u6e05\u695a\u6c49\u8bed\u8fd9\u79cd\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u65b9\u5f0f\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\u673a\u5236\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u4fbf\u4e8e\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u5148\u7b80\u5316\u4e00\u4e0b\u95ee\u9898\uff1a\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u8001\u5f20\u7684\u5904\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u6211\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u2192a.\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6211\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u2192b.\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6211\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u2192c.\u6211\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u64cd\u4f5c\u540e\uff0c\u539f\u6765\u4e0d\u660e\u663e\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u9010\u6e10\u51f8\u663e\u4e86\u51fa\u6765\u3002\u201c\u5bf9\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u201d\u548c\u8c13\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u72b6\u8bed\u548c\u4e2d\u5fc3\u8bed\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u201c\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u548c\u201c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u201d\u4e4b\u95f4\u6709\u8bed\u4e49\u4f9d\u5b58\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u8fd9\u4ef6\u4e8b\u60c5\u8001\u5f20\u7684\u5904\u7406\u529e\u6cd5\u6211\u6709\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u81f3\u5c11\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u4e24\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u70b9\uff1a\uff081\uff09\u72b6\u8bed\u8ddf\u8c13\u8bed\u6709\u683c\u652f\u914d\u5173\u7cfb\uff1b\uff082\uff09\u201c\u610f\u89c1\u201d\u7c7b\u540d\u8bcd\u6709\u914d\u4ef7\u8981\u6c42\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u6709\u4e86\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u53d1\u73b0\u540e\uff0c1985\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u8ddf\u5bfc\u5e08\u502a\u5b9d\u5143\u3001\u738b\u7ef4\u8d24\u5148\u751f\u6c47\u62a5\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u9009\u9898\uff0c\u5e76\u5f53\u4f17\u5938\u53e3\uff1a\u8981\u5f62\u6210\u5177\u6709\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u9009\u9898\u2014\u2014\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u4e2d\u8c13\u8bed\u8ddf\u72b6\u8bed\u7684\u683c\u652f\u914d\u5173\u7cfb\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u3002\u5f81\u5f97\u4e86\u5bfc\u5e08\u7684\u540c\u610f\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5f00\u59cb\u52a8\u624b\u8003\u5bdf\u8ddf\u8c13\u8bed\u6709\u683c\u652f\u914d\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u53e5\u5b50\u3002\u540e\u6765\uff0c\u53d7\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u9010\u6e10\u7f29\u5c0f\u4e86\u8003\u5bdf\u7684\u8303\u56f4\uff0c\u628a\u91cd\u70b9\u653e\u5728\u4e86\u51c6\u53cc\u5411\u52a8\u8bcd\u4e0a\uff08\u5982\u201c\u6765\u5f80\u3001\u76f8\u8bc6\u3001\u4ea4\u624b\u3001\u5bf9\u7acb\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u3001\u6c42\u63f4\u201d\u7b49\uff09\u3002\u8bd5\u6bd4\u8f83\uff1a<\/span><\/p>\n \uff081\uff09\u6211\u7ecf\u5e38\u548c\u4ed6\u6765\u5f80\u2192*\u6211\u6765\u5f80<\/span><\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u6211\u53bb\u5e74\u548c\u4ed6\u76f8\u8bc6\u2192*\u6211\u76f8\u8bc6<\/span><\/p>\n \uff083\uff09\u6211\u660e\u5929\u548c\u4ed6\u4ea4\u624b\u2192*\u6211\u4ea4\u624b<\/span><\/p>\n \uff084\uff09\u6211\u4e00\u76f4\u548c\u4ed6\u5bf9\u7acb\u2192*\u6211\u5bf9\u7acb<\/span><\/p>\n \uff085\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u4e3a\u4eba\u6c11\u670d\u52a1\u2192*\u6211\u4eec\u670d\u52a1<\/span><\/p>\n \uff086\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u5411\u5de5\u4eba\u6c42\u63f4\u2192*\u6211\u4eec\u6c42\u63f4<\/span><\/p>\n \uff087\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u6c42\u52a9\u4e8e\u8001\u5e08\u2192*\u6211\u4eec\u6c42\u52a9<\/span><\/p>\n \uff088\uff09\u6211\u4eec\u53d7\u4e1a\u4e8e\u7ae0\u95e8\u2192*\u6211\u4eec\u53d7\u4e1a<\/span><\/p>\n \u8fd9\u4e9b\u52a8\u8bcd\u90fd\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u5171\u540c\u70b9\uff1a\u201c\u8981\u6c42\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u6027\u6210\u5206\u4e0e\u5b83\u53d1\u751f\u5f3a\u5236\u6027\u7684\u53e5\u6cd5\u8054\u7cfb\uff0c\u5e76\u4e14\u5f53\u8fd9\u4e24\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u6027\u6210\u5206\u4e0e\u4e4b\u540c\u73b0\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u8bcd\u6027\u6210\u5206\u5fc5\u987b\u7528\u4ecb\u8bcd\u6765\u5f15\u5bfc\u3002\u201d\u968f\u540e\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u8003\u5bdf\u4e86500\u591a\u4e2a\u51c6\u53cc\u5411\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u8bed\u4e49\u7279\u5f81\u548c\u53e5\u6cd5\u8868\u73b0\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u7855\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u51c6\u53cc\u5411\u52a8\u8bcd\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u3002\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u8be5\u6587\u5220\u8282\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u300a\u8bed\u8a00\u7814\u7a76\u300b1988\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 2.\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587<\/span><\/p>\n 1987\u20141990\u5e74\uff0c\u6211\u5728\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u653b\u8bfb\u535a\u58eb\u5b66\u4f4d\u3002\u8bfb\u535a\u671f\u95f4\uff0c\u7ee7\u7eed\u6cbf\u7740\u7855\u58eb\u7684\u9009\u9898\u65b9\u5411\u524d\u8fdb\u3002\u6b64\u65f6\u7684\u76ee\u6807\u662f\uff1a\u89e3\u51b3\u6c49\u8bed\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u914d\u4ef7\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u89e3\u51b3\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5148\u505a\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u4e8c\u4ef7\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u610f\u89c1\u3001\u611f\u60c5\u201d\u7c7b\u3002\u7136\u540e\u53c8\u505a\u4e86\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u4e00\u4ef7\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u201c\u5c3e\u5df4\uff08\u90e8\u4ef6\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u3001\u7236\u4eb2\uff08\u4eb2\u5c5e\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u3001\u9762\u79ef\uff08\u5c5e\u6027\u540d\u8bcd\uff09\u201d\u7c7b\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u7f3a\u5c11\u540e\u7eed\u7684\u8bfe\u9898\uff0c\u65e0\u6cd5\u8fbe\u5230\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u89c4\u6a21\uff0c\u53ea\u597d\u6682\u65f6\u6401\u4e0b\u3002\u548c\u5bfc\u5e08\u6731\u5fb7\u7199\u3001\u9646\u4fed\u660e\u5148\u751f\u5546\u91cf\u8fc7\u540e\uff0c\u51b3\u5b9a\u53e6\u8d77\u7089\u7076\u3002\u57fa\u4e8e\u5148\u524d\u5bf9\u201c\u5750\u7740\uff01\u201d\u201c\u542c\u7740\uff01\u201d\u7c7b\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6211\u51b3\u5b9a\u628a\u8fd9\u5957\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a8\u5e7f\u5f00\u6765\u3002\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u7948\u4f7f\u53e5\u7814\u7a76\u300b\u3002\u73b0\u5728\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u662f\u5bf9\u7684\u3002\u9000\u4e00\u6b65\uff0c\u6d77\u9614\u5929\u7a7a\uff1b\u5982\u679c\u5192\u8fdb\uff0c\u4e5f\u8bb8\u4f1a\u5c71\u7a77\u6c34\u5c3d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n 3.\u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e<\/span><\/p>\n \u535a\u58eb\u6bd5\u4e1a\u540e\uff0c\u6211\u5c06\u4ee5\u524d\u7684\u60f3\u6cd5\u9646\u7eed\u6574\u7406\u6210\u6587\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff081\uff09\u5148\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u73b0\u4ee3\u6c49\u8bed\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u914d\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u300b1992\u5e74\u7b2c3\u671f\uff09\u548c\u300a\u4e00\u4ef7\u540d\u8bcd\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u6587\u300b1994\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff082\uff09\u7ee7\u7eed\u63a8\u8fdb\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u4e86\u300a\u8c13\u8bcd\u9690\u542b\u53ca\u5176\u53e5\u6cd5\u540e\u679c\u300b\uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u6587\u300b1995\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\uff09\u548c\u300a\u8bdd\u9898\u5316\u53ca\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u300b\uff08\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u8bed\u6587\u300b1996\u5e74\u7b2c4\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \uff083\uff09\u5c06\u524d\u671f\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u52a8\u8bcd\u7684\u914d\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u6c5f\u897f\u6559\u80b2\u51fa\u7248\u793e1998\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u914d\u4ef7\u8bed\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u300b\uff08\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99862010\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u53e5\u5b50\u7684\u7126\u70b9\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8bed\u4e49\u89e3\u91ca\u300b\uff08\u5546\u52a1\u5370\u4e66\u99862010\u5e74\u7248\uff09\u3001\u300a\u6c49\u8bed\u540d\u8bcd\u7269\u6027\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u63cf\u5199\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\u300b\uff08\u300a\u5f53\u4ee3\u8bed\u8a00\u5b66\u300b2014\u5e74\u7b2c1\u671f\uff09\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n \u5f53\u7136\uff0c\u9769\u547d\u5c1a\u672a\u6210\u529f\uff0c\u540c\u5b66\u4ecd\u9700\u52aa\u529b\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n –\u00a0<\/span>END\u00a0<\/strong>–<\/span><\/p>\n \u672c\u6587\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u300b\uff082017.5\uff09<\/span>\u4f5c\u8005\uff1a \u8881\u6bd3\u6797\u3001\u738b\u6069\u65ed<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u600e\u6837\u5f62\u6210\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u9009\u9898,\u8981\u5f62\u6210\u5f00\u62d3\u6027\u7684\u9009\u9898\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u5177\u5907\u4e24\u4e2a\u57fa\u672c\u7684\u6761\u4ef6\uff1a\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\uff1b\u4e00\u4e2a\u662f\u4e86\u89e3\u81ea\u5df1\u3002 \u5982\u4f55\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\uff1f \u5148\u6765\u8bf4\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u3002\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u5c31\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5730\u6587\u732e\u9605\u8bfb\u4e86\u89e3\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u6210\u5c31\u4e0e\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u4e86\u89e3\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u4e0e\u7f3a\u61be\uff0c\u5bfb\u627e … <\/p>\n