{"id":20356,"date":"2018-11-06T10:28:23","date_gmt":"2018-11-06T02:28:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.kuaiqikan.com\/?p=20356"},"modified":"2018-11-06T10:28:23","modified_gmt":"2018-11-06T02:28:23","slug":"lun-wen-xie-zuo-zhong-yao-zhu-yi-de-na-xie-shi-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.kuaiqikan.com\/lun-wen-xie-zuo-zhong-yao-zhu-yi-de-na-xie-shi-2\/","title":{"rendered":"\u8bba\u6587\u5199\u4f5c\u4e2d\u8981\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u4e8b"},"content":{"rendered":"

Part<\/span>1<\/span>\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u6807\u51c6\u592a\u4f4e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u6807\u51c6, \u4f8b\u5982, \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053Nature \u3001Science\u7b49\u56fd\u9645\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u53d6\u5411\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u9009\u9898\u65f6\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u8fd8\u6709\u56fd\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76, \u751a\u81f3\u67d0\u4e9b\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7\u5916\u6587\u6587\u732e, \u800c\u5176\u5b9e\u8bba\u6587\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u9886\u57df\u6b63\u662f\u56fd\u9645\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u6bcd\u79d1\u5b66\u6807\u51c6, \u4f8b\u5982, \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u5316\u5b66\u3001\u529b\u5b66\u3001\u751f\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u533b\u5b66\u3001\u793e\u4f1a\u5b66\u3001\u7ba1\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u3001\u4f20\u5a92\u5b66\u3001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u3001\u5386\u53f2\u5b66\u7b49\u6bcd\u5b66\u79d1\u56fd\u9645\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u3001\u56fd\u5185\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u53d6\u5411\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7f3a\u4e4f\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u5185\u5bb9\u53ef\u4ee5\u79f0\u5f97\u4e0a\u662f\u7406\u8bba, \u4e0d\u77e5\u5230\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u662f\u7406\u8bba, \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u597d\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u5e94\u5f53\u5177\u6709\u5b9e\u8df5\u610f\u4e49\uff1b\u8bba\u6587\u201c \u4e0a\u4e0d\u7740\u5929, \u4e0b\u4e0d\u7740\u5730\u201d , \u6210\u4e3a\u65e2\u65e0\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc\u3001\u53c8\u65e0\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u6839\u57fa\u7684\u60ac\u7a7a\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u4f5c\u8005\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u8bad\u7ec3\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bad\u7ec3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u601d\u7ef4\u6df7\u4e71<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bba\u6587\u903b\u8f91\u6df7\u4e71, \u7ed3\u6784\u4e0d\u6e05, \u6ca1\u6709\u6574\u4f53\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7406\u5ff5\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u53ea\u770b\u5230\u6587\u5b57\u548c\u6587\u5b57\u7684\u5806\u780c, \u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u903b\u8f91\u63a8\u7406\u7684\u8109\u7edc, \u770b\u4e0d\u5230\u4f5c\u8005\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u75d5\u8ff9\u548c\u7075\u6027\u7684\u706b\u82b1\u3002\u8fd9\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u62bd\u8c61\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5dee, \u6982\u62ec\u80fd\u529b\u8f83\u5dee\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u95ee\u9898\u53cd\u6620\u5728\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u9700\u8981\u9ad8\u5ea6\u6982\u62ec\u3001\u63d0\u70bc\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u4e2d, \u5982\u9898\u76ee(\u5305\u62ec\u5404\u5c42\u5c0f\u9898)\u3001\u6458\u8981\u3001\u8ba8\u8bba\u3001\u7ed3\u8bba\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u8bed\u8a00\u8868\u8fbe\u82b1\u54e8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8868\u8fbe\u65b9\u5f0f\u5e94\u4ee5\u987a\u53d9\u4e3a\u4f73\uff0c\u4e0d\u5b9c\u50cf\u8bd7\u6b4c\u3001\u6563\u6587\u3001\u5c0f\u8bf4\u4e4b\u7c7b\u7684\u6587\u827a\u4f5c\u54c1\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u5012\u53d9\u3001\u63d2\u53d9\u7b49\u624b\u6cd5\u3002\u8bed\u8a00\u901a\u4fd7\u6613\u61c2\u3002\u8bba\u6587\u662f\u7ed9\u522b\u4eba\u770b\u7684\uff0c\u4e0d\u8981\u8ba4\u4e3a\u81ea\u5df1\u77e5\u9053\u7684\uff0c\u522b\u4eba\u5c31\u4e00\u5b9a\u77e5\u9053\u3002\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u4e66\u9762\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u7f51\u7edc\u8bed\u8a00\u3002\u8bed\u53e5\u957f\u77ed\u5408\u9002\uff0c\u5c11\u7528\u7d2f\u8d58\u7684\u957f\u53e5\u4e0e\u8df3\u8dc3\u7684\u77ed\u53e5\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7b2c\u4e09\u4eba\u79f0\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u540d\u8bcd\u672f\u8bed\uff0c\u4e0d\u7528\u975e\u516c\u77e5\u516c\u7528\u7684\u7b26\u53f7\u548c\u672f\u8bed\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

Part<\/span>2<\/span>\u9009\u9898\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u8bfe\u9898\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u79d1\u5b66\u63a2\u7d22\u7684\u503e\u5411<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8bfe\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u3001\u5177\u4f53\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u6307\u5bfc, \u6ca1\u6709\u7814\u7a76\u5047\u8bbe, \u6ca1\u6709\u4e0d\u786e\u5b9a\u6027, \u4e0d\u5192\u98ce\u9669, \u6ca1\u6709\u63a2\u7d22\u503e\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u8bfe\u9898\u8fc7\u4e8e\u80a4\u6d45<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u5927\u91cf\u7684\u8c03\u67e5\u7814\u7a76\u4ec5\u505c\u7559\u5728\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u5bf9\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u666e\u904d\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u7ec6\u5c0f\u73af\u8282\u8fdb\u884c\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u80a4\u6d45\u5c42\u9762, \u6ca1\u6709\u5c3d\u529b\u63a2\u7a76\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u5173\u7cfb\u548c\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6ca1\u6709\u6ce8\u610f\u5404\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u76f8\u4e92\u5f71\u54cd(\u7b2c\u4e09\u53d8\u91cf\u7684\u5f15\u5165)\uff1a\u4f8b\u5982, \u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u5b9e\u9a8c\u91c7\u7528\u4ea4\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1, \u5f88\u5c11\u6709\u8c03\u67e5\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u5143\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002\u539f\u56e0\u5f88\u7b80\u5355\uff1a\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u8fc7\u4e8e\u8868\u6d45\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u8bfe\u9898\u91cd\u5fc3\u592a\u9ad8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u6ce8\u91cd\u4ece\u201c \u5c0f\u201d \u505a\u8d77, \u7247\u9762\u8ffd\u6c42\u5b8f\u5927, \u7528\u201c \u6218\u7565\u201d \u3001\u201c\u5bf9\u7b56\u201d \u3001\u201c \u53d1\u5c55\u201d\u5806\u780c\u7a7a\u4e2d\u697c\u9601, \u8868\u73b0\u51fa\u201c \u5012\u91d1\u5b57\u5854\u201d \u7684\u503e\u5411\u548c\u201c \u7a7a\u6cdb\u5316\u201d \u503e\u5411\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u5c06\u4e13\u9879\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u4e13\u4e1a<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5c06\u67d0\u4e00\u8fd0\u52a8\u4e13\u9879\u5f53\u4f5c\u8fd0\u52a8\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b66\u4e13\u4e1a\u3001\u4f53\u80b2\u6559\u80b2\u4e13\u4e1a\u7b49\u4e13\u4e1a\u770b\u5f85, \u4e0d\u80fd\u533a\u5206\u4e13\u9879\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u6ce8\u610f\u6216\u4e0d\u613f\u610f\u5bfb\u627e\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u5f52\u5c5e\u3001\u5b66\u7406\u53d6\u5411\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u91cd\u5fc3\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u53ea\u7efc\u4e0d\u8ff0\u6216\u53ea\u8ff0\u4e0d\u8bc4<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\u90e8\u5206\u592a\u957f\uff0c\u7528\u201c\u81ea\u4ece\u76d8\u53e4\u5f00\u5929\u5730, \u4e09\u7687\u4e94\u5e1d\u5230\u5982\u4eca\u201d \u7684\u6587\u5b57\u8f70\u70b8\u65b9\u5f0f\u7f57\u5217\u770b\u8fc7\u7684\u8d44\u6599, \u671f\u5f85\u535a\u5f97\u8bc4\u59d4\u201c \u4e0d\u5ff5\u529f\u52b3\u5ff5\u82e6\u52b3\u201d \u7684\u540c\u60c5, \u5374\u4e0d\u5bf9\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u8fdb\u884c\u8ba4\u771f\u548c\u8be6\u5c3d\u7684\u8bc4\u8bba, \u4e0d\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3\uff1b\u53c8\u5982, \u4ec5\u7528\u5f88\u5c0f\u7684\u7bc7\u5e45\u9610\u8ff0\u9009\u9898\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u4f9d\u636e\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u4f9d\u636e\u3001\u7406\u8bba\u610f\u4e49\u3001\u5b9e\u8df5\u610f\u4e49\uff1b\u518d\u5982, \u5728\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u95f4, \u6ca1\u6709\u8fc7\u6e21\u6bb5\u843d\u6216\u7ae0\u8282\u5bfc\u51fa\u7814\u7a76\u95ee\u9898\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u5185\u5bb9\u3002\u6587\u732e\u7efc\u8ff0\u90e8\u5206\u8fd8\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u7a81\u51fa\u95ee\u9898\u662f\uff1a\u6d41\u6c34\u5e10\u4f3c\u5730\u7f57\u5217\u5e74\u4ee3\u3001\u4f5c\u8005\u548c\u4e66\u520a\u540d\u7b49, \u6ca1\u6709\u6309\u7167\u201c\u95ee\u9898\u6216\u8981\u7d20\u201d \u7b49\u7ef4\u5ea6\u6765\u5c55\u5f00\u8bba\u8ff0\u6846\u67b6\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u4e0d\u80fd\u5168\u9762\u638c\u63e1\u76f8\u5173\u9886\u57df\u4e3b\u8981\u8fdb\u5c55<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u5373\u4fbf\u6709\u8bb8\u591a\u53ef\u8d44\u501f\u9274\u7684\u5916\u6587\u6587\u732e, \u4e5f\u4e0d\u5f15\u8ff0\u6216\u5f88\u5c11\u5f15\u8ff0\u56fd\u5916\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c;\u6587\u732e\u6ca1\u6709\u5f15\u8ff0\u5230\u5f53\u5e74\u6216\u524d\u4e00\u5e74\uff0c\u5f88\u968f\u4fbf\u5730\u8868\u793a\u8be5\u9886\u57df\u672a\u89c1\u76f8\u5173\u7814\u7a76, \u5374\u6ca1\u6709\u5728\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u4e0b\u8fdb\u884c\u6587\u732e\u67e5\u9605\u6216\u6ca1\u6709\u8fdb\u884c\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u7684\u6587\u732e\u67e5\u9605\uff0c\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e\u8001\u5316, \u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u8be5\u8bfe\u9898\u662f\u5f53\u524d\u7684\u70ed\u70b9\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u8bdd, \u5982\u4f55\u505a\u5230\u7ad9\u5728\u5de8\u4eba\u7684\u80a9\u4e0a\uff1f<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u65e0\u4e13\u4e1a\u7279\u5f81<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982:\u73b0\u4ee3\u3001\u5f53\u4ee3\u3001\u7279\u5f81\u3001\u73b0\u72b6\u3001\u73b0\u72b6\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u5bf9\u7b56\u3001\u6539\u9769\u5bf9\u7b56\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u7d20\u7b49\u8bcd\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u800c\u8a00, \u5173\u952e\u8bcd\u5e94\u662f\u4f53\u80b2\u79d1\u5b66\u6216\u6bcd\u79d1\u5b66\u5b66\u672f\u8bcd\u5178\u4e2d\u53ef\u4ee5\u67e5\u627e\u5230\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Part<\/span>3<\/span>\u6458\u8981\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ea4\u5f85\u8fc7\u7c97, \u4fe1\u606f\u4e0d\u5168<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u4e0d\u4ea4\u4ee3\u88ab\u8bd5\u60c5\u51b5\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u3001\u95ee\u5377\u60c5\u51b5\u7b49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u95ee\u9898\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u7ed3\u8bba\u5404\u90e8\u5206\u5931\u8861<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u4ec5\u4ec5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u7ed3\u8bba, \u95ee\u9898\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u90e8\u5206\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u82f1\u6587\u6458\u8981\u7528Chinglish<\/span><\/p>\n

Part<\/span>4<\/span>\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u5ffd\u89c6\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8d28\u91cf\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6807\u51c6\u4e4b\u4e00;\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u63a2\u7d22\u56e0\u679c\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6700\u4f73\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5;\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u548c\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u7814\u7a76\u8303\u5f0f\u662f\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49, \u800c\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e3b\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u6d41\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u5b9e\u9a8c;\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a2\u7d22\u95ee\u9898;\u751a\u81f3\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u4ec0\u4e48\u53eb\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff01<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u95ee\u5377\u7684\u6548\u5ea6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4ec5\u6709\u4ee5\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u7684\u5185\u5bb9\u6548\u5ea6\u6307\u6807, \u4e14\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u5b9a\u8fc7\u7c97\u4e0d\u7ec6\u3002\u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u8fd8\u6709\u7ed3\u6784\u6548\u5ea6\u3001\u9884\u6d4b\u6548\u5ea6\u7b49\u9700\u8981\u505a\u5b9a\u91cf\u5316\u7684\u8003\u5bdf\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u80e1\u4e71\u5957\u7528\u5185\u90e8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u4fe1\u5ea6\u548c\u91cd\u6d4b\u4fe1\u5ea6<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u5c06\u4e8b\u5b9e\u9898\u3001\u5355\u9009\u9898\u3001\u6392\u5e8f\u9898\u3001\u586b\u7a7a\u9898\u7b49\u653e\u5728\u4e00\u8d77, \u505a\u5185\u90e8\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\u68c0\u9a8c,\u7b80\u76f4\u4ee4\u4eba\u4e0d\u53ef\u601d\u8bae\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u4ec5\u7528\u95ee\u5377\u8c03\u67e5, \u65b9\u6cd5\u8fc7\u4e8e\u5355\u4e00<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e0d\u4f1a\u4f7f\u7528\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3001\u7535\u8bdd\u8bbf\u8c08\u3001\u9762\u8bbf\u3001\u884c\u52a8\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u65e5\u8bb0\u5206\u6790\u3001\u4f5c\u54c1\u5206\u6790\u7b49\u5176\u4ed6\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u63a2\u7d22\u76f8\u5173\u4e3b\u9898\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u4ecb\u7ecd\u5f97\u8fc7\u4e8e\u7b80\u5355<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u5c31\u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u5224\u65ad\u65b9\u6cd5\u7684\u5b8c\u5907\u6027\u548c\u79d1\u5b66\u6027, \u65e0\u6cd5\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u8fdb\u884c\u91cd\u590d\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u540e\u7eed\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u8fdd\u53cd\u7edd\u5bf9\u5e95\u7ebf\u539f\u5219\u3001\u4e0d\u8fdb\u884c\u591a\u5143\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4e00\u4e9b\u8bba\u6587\u5728\u6837\u672c\u4e0d\u5927\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b, \u91c7\u7528\u4e86\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u663e\u8457\u6027(\u53ef\u9760\u6027)\u68c0\u9a8c, \u5728\u5e94\u5f53\u91c7\u7528\u591a\u5143\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u65f6\u91c7\u7528\u7684\u5374\u662f\u5355\u5143\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7f57\u5217\u975e\u4e3b\u8981\u65b9\u6cd5<\/span><\/p>\n

\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u7528\u7684\u662f\u8c03\u67e5\u6216\u5b9e\u9a8c, \u5374\u7f57\u5217\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u65b9\u6cd5\u5982\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\u6cd5, \u751a\u81f3\u8fd8\u7f57\u5217\u903b\u8f91\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u3001\u6bd4\u8f83\u6cd5, \u4ee5\u4e3a\u5217\u5f97\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u79d1\u5b66\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u6839\u6e90\u4e8e\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u533a\u5206\u672a\u88ab\u5b66\u751f\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u5f53\u8ba4\u8bc6\u5230, \u4e0e\u79d1\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u4e00\u6837, \u79d1\u5b66\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e5f\u662f\u5206\u5c42\u7684, \u5305\u62ec\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u5c42\u9762\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5f0f\u5c42\u9762\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u624b\u6bb5\u5c42\u9762\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u4ec5\u7528\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790<\/span><\/p>\n

\u800c\u4e14, \u5206\u6790\u8fd8\u5f88\u80a4\u6d45, \u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u89c9\u5f97\u548c\u4e2d\u5b66\u751f\u3001\u5927\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u601d\u7ef4\u6df1\u5ea6\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u9ad8\u5ea6\u4ee5\u53ca\u6570\u636e\u5206\u6790\u6c34\u5e73\u533a\u522b\u4e0d\u5927, \u751a\u81f3\u66f4\u4f4e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Part<\/span>5<\/span>\u7ed3\u679c\u4e0e\u8ba8\u8bba<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u6570\u636e\u8f70\u70b8<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u53ef\u4ee5\u5408\u5e76\u7684\u8868\u683c\u4ecd\u4ee5\u62c6\u5206\u5f62\u5f0f\u5c55\u793a;\u7528\u5927\u91cf\u8868\u683c\u5806\u780c\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u518d\u5982, \u7528\u8868\u683c\u5c55\u793a\u539f\u59cb\u6570\u636e\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u52a0\u5de5\u540e\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7814\u7a76\u4e0d\u8ba8\u8bba\u6240\u5f97\u5230\u7684\u8d44\u6599\u6216\u6570\u636e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u611f\u89c9\u505a\u4e0d\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u3001\u5f97\u5230\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u679c\u90fd\u65e0\u6240\u8c13, \u53cd\u6b63\u8ba8\u8bba\u548c\u7ed3\u8bba\u90fd\u5148\u5199\u597d\u4e86\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u201c \u7406\u8bba\u201d \u548c\u8bbe\u60f3<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7f3a\u4e4f\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u5b9e\u8bc1\u652f\u6301\uff0c\u51ed\u501f\u81c6\u60f3\u63d0\u51fa\u4e3b\u89c2\u3001\u7a7a\u6d1e\u3001\u81ea\u9e23\u5f97\u610f\u7684\u89c2\u70b9, \u7f3a\u4e4f\u8c03\u67e5\u3001\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u652f\u6301\u548c\u5168\u9762\u3001\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u8bba\u8bc1\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u65e0\u521b\u65b0\u6027<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982, \u4ec5\u4ec5\u505c\u7559\u5728\u201c \u672c\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u5b9e\u4e86\u524d\u4eba\u7814\u7a76\u7ed3\u679c\u201d , \u65e0\u521b\u65b0\u6027\u3002\u518d\u5982, \u5728\u5c55\u793a\u548c\u8ba8\u8bba\u6570\u636e\u56fe\u8868\u65f6, \u4ec5\u505a\u63cf\u8ff0, \u4e0d\u80fd\u900f\u8fc7\u6570\u636e\u53bb\u5206\u6790\u53d8\u91cf\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u4e0d\u5c06\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u505a\u6982\u62ec\u6027\u7684\u63d0\u70bc\u548c\u603b\u7ed3<\/span><\/p>\n

\u8fd9\u79cd\u89c1\u6728\u4e0d\u89c1\u6797\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u53cd\u6620\u51fa\u903b\u8f91\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u7406\u8bba\u7d20\u517b\u7684\u4e0d\u8db3, \u5bfc\u81f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5bf9\u76f8\u5173\u95ee\u9898\u8fdb\u884c\u6070\u5f53\u7684\u62bd\u8c61\u4e0e\u6982\u62ec, \u4e3e\u4e00\u800c\u53cd\u4e09\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u5f04\u865a\u4f5c\u5047\uff0c\u4e3b\u89c2\u53d6\u820d<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u8be5\u53bb\u7c97\u53d6\u7cbe\uff0c\u53bb\u4f2a\u5b58\u771f\uff0c\u4f46\u4e0d\u80fd\u56e0\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u610f\u56fe\u800c\u4e3b\u89c2\u53d6\u820d\uff0c\u66f4\u4e0d\u80fd\u5f04\u865a\u4f5c\u5047\u3002\u53ea\u6709\u5728\u6280\u672f\u4e0d\u719f\u7ec3\u6216\u4eea\u5668\u4e0d\u7a33\u5b9a\u65f6\u671f\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u3001\u5728\u6280\u672f\u6545\u969c\u6216\u64cd\u4f5c\u9519\u8bef\u65f6\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u548c\u4e0d\u7b26\u5408\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6761\u4ef6\u65f6\u6240\u5f97\u7684\u6570\u636e\u624d\u80fd\u5e9f\u5f03\u4e0d\u7528\u3002\u800c\u4e14\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u53d1\u73b0\u95ee\u9898\u5f53\u65f6\u5c31\u5728\u539f\u59cb\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e0a\u6ce8\u660e\u539f\u56e0\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u5728\u603b\u7ed3\u5904\u7406\u65f6\u56e0\u4e0d\u5408\u5e38\u6001\u800c\u4efb\u610f\u5254\u9664\u3002\u5e9f\u5f03\u8fd9\u7c7b\u6570\u636e\u65f6\u5e94\u5c06\u5728\u540c\u6837\u6761\u4ef6\u4e0b\u3001\u540c\u4e00\u65f6\u671f\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u6570\u636e\u4e00\u5e76\u5e9f\u5f03\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ea\u5e9f\u5f03\u4e0d\u5408\u5df1\u610f\u8005\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

Part<\/span>6<\/span>\u7ed3\u8bba\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7ed3\u8bba\u8d85\u8d8a\u5e38\u8bc6\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\u5e38\u8bc6<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e0d\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u4ec5\u51ed\u6559\u80b2\u76f4\u89c9\u4e5f\u53ef\u201c \u521b\u9020\u201d \u51fa\u6765, \u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c \u521b\u9020\u201d\u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u7ed3\u8bba\u7b80\u5355\u91cd\u590d\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u5185\u5bb9<\/span><\/p>\n

\u7ed3\u8bba\u4e2d\u6ca1\u6709\u63d0\u70bc\u7ed3\u679c\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u610f\u4e49\u548c\u5b9e\u8df5\u610f\u4e49\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u5bf9\u7b56\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae\u5f62\u540c\u865a\u8bbe<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5e94\u7528\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u75db\u4e0d\u75d2, \u7f3a\u4e4f\u9488\u5bf9\u6027\u3001\u64cd\u4f5c\u6027, \u4f7f\u8bfb\u8005\u89c9\u5f97\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u505a\u7814\u7a76\u4ec5\u51ed\u6559\u80b2\u76f4\u89c9\u4e5f\u53ef\u201c \u521b\u9020\u201d \u51fa\u6765, \u800c\u4e14\u53ef\u4ee5\u201c \u521b\u9020\u201d \u5f97\u66f4\u597d\u3002\u7406\u8bba\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u7684\u5bf9\u7b56\u4e0e\u5efa\u8bae\u4e0d\u5177\u6709\u6df1\u523b\u6027\u3001\u8d85\u524d\u6027\u548c\u5f15\u5bfc\u6027\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

Part<\/span>7<\/span>\u6587\u732e\u5f15\u7528\u65b9\u9762<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u6587\u732e\u5f15\u7528\u6df7\u4e71<\/span><\/p>\n

\u5217\u51fa\u8bba\u6587\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u7684\u76ee\u7684\u662f\u8ba9\u8bfb\u8005\u4e86\u89e3\u8bba\u6587\u7814\u7a76\u547d\u9898\u7684\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\uff0c\u4fbf\u4e8e\u67e5\u627e\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u4e5f\u662f\u5c0a\u91cd\u524d\u4eba\u52b3\u52a8\uff0c\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u6709\u51c6\u786e\u7684\u5b9a\u4f4d\u3002\u4e00\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\u51e0\u4e4e\u81ea\u59cb\u81f3\u7ec8\u90fd\u6709\u9700\u8981\u5f15\u7528\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u4e4b\u5904\u3002\u5982\u8bba\u6587\u5f15\u8a00\u4e2d\u5e94\u5f15\u4e0a\u5bf9\u672c\u9898\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u3001\u6700\u76f4\u63a5\u6709\u5173\u7684\u6587\u732e;\u5728\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e2d\u5e94\u5f15\u4e0a\u6240\u91c7\u7528\u6216\u501f\u9274\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u5728\u7ed3\u679c\u4e2d\u6709\u65f6\u8981\u5f15\u4e0a\u4e0e\u6587\u732e\u5bf9\u6bd4\u7684\u8d44\u6599\uff1b\u5728\u8ba8\u8bba\u4e2d\u66f4\u5e94\u5f15\u4e0a\u4e0e\u8bba\u6587\u6709\u5173\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u652f\u6301\u7684\u6216\u6709\u77db\u76fe\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u6216\u89c2\u70b9\u7b49\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u6709\u610f\u8d2c\u635f\u522b\u4eba<\/span><\/p>\n

\u79d1\u7814\u5de5\u4f5c\u603b\u662f\u9010\u6e10\u6df1\u5165\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\uff0c\u4f60\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u603b\u662f\u5728\u524d\u4eba\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53d1\u5c55\u8d77\u6765\u505a\u6210\u7684\u3002\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u5199\u6cd5\u5e94\u662f\uff0c\u67d0\u5e74\u67d0\u4eba\u5bf9\u672c\u9898\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u67d0\u5e74\u67d0\u4eba\u5728\u8fd9\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u53c8\u505a\u51fa\u4e86\u4ec0\u4e48\u7ed3\u679c\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u5728\u4ed6\u4eec\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u5b8c\u6210\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7814\u7a76\u3002\u6709\u4e9b\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u5374\u4e0d\u8fd9\u6837\u8868\u8ff0\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u67d0\u5e74\u67d0\u4eba\u505a\u8fc7\u672c\u9898\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u6210\uff0c\u67d0\u5e74\u67d0\u4eba\u53c8\u505a\u8fc7\u672c\u9898\u4ecd\u6ca1\u6709\u505a\u6210\uff0c\u73b0\u5728\u6211\u505a\u6210\u4e86\u3002\u8fd9\u5c31\u4e0d\u662f\u5b9e\u4e8b\u6c42\u662f\u7684\u6001\u5ea6\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\u6709\u65f6\u53ef\u4ee5\u7cca\u5f04\u4e00\u4e9b\u4e0d\u660e\u771f\u76f8\u7684\u5916\u884c\u4eba\uff0c\u4f46\u53ea\u9700\u5185\u884c\u4eba\u4e00\u6233\uff0c\u7eb8\u8001\u864e\u5c31\u7834\uff0c\u7ed3\u679c\u5f04\u5de7\u6210\u62d9\uff0c\u4e27\u5931\u4fe1\u8a89\u3002<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u5fcc\u5f15\u7528\u6587\u732e\u7ea7\u522b\u8fc7\u4f4e<\/span><\/p>\n

\u4f8b\u5982:\u5927\u91cf\u5f15\u7528\u8457\u4f5c\u4e2d\u9610\u8ff0\u7684\u6210\u679c;\u5f15\u7528\u4f4e\u6863\u6b21\u520a\u7269\u7684\u6210\u679c;\u5f15\u7528\u201c \u6d45\u8c08\u201d\u6587\u7ae0\u3002<\/span><\/p>\n

\n
\n
\n
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\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\u4e2d\u56fd\u7814\u7a76\u751f<\/p>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n<\/section>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Part1\u603b\u4f53\u7684\u95ee\u9898 \u5fcc\u6807\u51c6\u592a\u4f4e \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053\u56fd\u9645\u5316\u6807\u51c6, \u4f8b\u5982, \u4e0d\u77e5\u9053Nature \u3001Science\u7b49\u56fd\u9645\u4f18\u79c0\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u3001\u53d6\u5411\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u3002\u4e00\u4e9b\u5b66\u751f\u5728\u9009\u9898\u65f6\u6839\u672c\u6ca1\u6709\u8003\u8651\u8fd8\u6709\u56fd\u5916\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u7814\u7a76, \u751a\u81f3\u67d0\u4e9b\u83b7\u5956\u7684\u535a\u58eb\u8bba\u6587\u6ca1\u6709\u4e00\u7bc7 … <\/p>\n

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