\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u5185\u520a\u300a\u6d77\u4e8b\u9ad8\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u300b2006\u5e74\u7b2c2\u671f\uff0c\u539f\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3001\u671f\u520a\u65b9\u9635\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u300b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\u4e14\u5f15\u6587\u6bd4\u8f83\u9648\u65e7\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u5220\u53bb\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u518d\u6b21\u201c\u53d1\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u6587\u9898\u6539\u4e3a\u300a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u300b\u3002<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u6458\u00a0\u8981\uff1a\u7b80\u4ecb\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7531\u6765\u3001\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4e0d\u540c\u5b9a\u4e49\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u5728\u5177\u6709\u5b66\u79d1\u6027\u3001\u96c6\u4e2d\u6027\u3001\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u6027\u3001\u76f8\u5bf9\u6027\u3001\u7d2f\u79ef\u6027\u7684\u540c\u65f6\u8fd8\u5177\u6709\u65f6\u6ede\u6027\u548c\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u6027\uff1b\u4ecb\u7ecd\u4e13\u5bb6\u9274\u5b9a\u6cd5\u3001\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u6cd5\u3001\u6587\u6458\u6cd5\u3001\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u6cd5\u3001\u7d2f\u79ef\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u6cd5\u3001\u6a21\u7cca\u6570\u5b66\u6cd5\u3001\u6d41\u901a\u7387\u6cd5\uff08\u5229\u7528\u7387\u6cd5\uff09\u3001\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\u6cd5\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u786e\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1b\u9610\u8ff0\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5e94\u5f53\u5265\u79bb\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u529b\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ca\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u675c\u7edd\u201c\u4ee5\u520a\u4ee3\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u201d\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5728\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u65f6\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u8bc4\u4ef7\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bf7\u5b66\u79d1\u4e13\u5bb6\u6765\u8bc4\u5ba1\u5176\u5b66\u672f\u4ef7\u503c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5173\u952e\u8bcd\uff1a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\uff0c\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50<\/p>\n
\u8fd1\u5e74\u6765\uff0c\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\uff08Core Journal\uff09\u5df2\u6210\u4e3a\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u3001\u671f\u520a\u754c\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u754c\u666e\u904d\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u201d\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u51e0\u4e4e\u6bcf\u6b21\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u7684\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\u9074\u9009\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f15\u8d77\u8f69\u7136\u5927\u6ce2\uff0c\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u5ea6\u7684\u6d25\u8d34\u8bc4\u5b9a\u3001\u804c\u79f0\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7b49\u90fd\u4f1a\u4f7f\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u5b50\u805a\u7126\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\u3002\u4e0d\u5c11\u9ad8\u6821\u548c\u79d1\u7814\u9662\u6240\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u5b66\u4f4d\u548c\u804c\u79f0\u8bc4\u5b9a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u5f80\u5f80\u4ee5\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u520a\u7269\u662f\u5426\u662f\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\u4ee5\u53ca\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8868\u4e2d\u7684\u4f4d\u6b21\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\uff0c\u5bf9\u671f\u520a\u53ca\u5176\u53d1\u8868\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u3002\u793e\u4f1a\u4e0a\u5bf9\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u9887\u4e3a\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5bf9\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u771f\u6b63\u542b\u4e49\u3001\u6765\u9f99\u53bb\u8109\u3001\u6d4b\u8bc4\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u6548\u7528\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u5374\u6726\u6726\u80e7\u80e7\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6a21\u7cca\u4e0d\u6e05\u3002\u6709\u7684\u65e0\u9650\u5938\u5927\u5176\u5f71\u54cd\uff0c\u6709\u7684\u5b8c\u5168\u5426\u5b9a\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\u3002[1]\u76ee\u524d\uff0c\u6709\u5173\u5404\u754c\u5bf9\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5de5\u4f5c\u4f17\u8bf4\u7eb7\u7ead\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u8d5e\u6210\u8005\u8bef\u5c06\u5b83\u5f53\u4f5c\u6807\u51c6\u4f7f\u7528\uff0c\u6709\u4e9b\u53cd\u5bf9\u8005\u5bf9\u5b83\u5168\u76d8\u5426\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u90fd\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u5bf9\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u8ba4\u8bc6\u4e0d\u591f\u5168\u9762\u6240\u5f15\u8d77\u7684\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e0d\u6070\u5f53\u5730\u6269\u5927\u5176\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u4f1a\u56e0\u5176\u4e0d\u582a\u91cd\u4efb\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u8d1f\u9762\u5f71\u54cd\u3002[2]3\u6709\u9274\u4e8e\u6b64\uff0c\u6709\u5fc5\u8981\u5bf9\u4e0e\u5176\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4e00\u4e9b\u95ee\u9898\u4e88\u4ee5\u660e\u786e\u3002<\/p>\n
1\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7531\u6765<\/p>\n
1934\u5e74\uff0c\u82f1\u56fd\u4e00\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6587\u732e\u8d44\u6599\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\uff08Bradford\uff09\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u201c\u5e94\u7528\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u201d\u548c\u201c\u6da6\u6ed1\u201d\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u540e\uff0c\u53d1\u73b0\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u5448\u73b0\u660e\u663e\u7684\u96c6\u4e2d\u548c\u5206\u6563\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u5373\uff1a\u591a\u6570\u8bba\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5c11\u91cf\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\uff0c\u5c11\u6570\u8bba\u6587\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5927\u91cf\u7684\u4e00\u822c\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u3002\u5bf9\u67d0\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u671f\u520a\u6309\u5176\u520a\u8f7d\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u4ee5\u9012\u51cf\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u5212\u5206\u51fa\u5bf9\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u6700\u6709\u8d21\u732e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u4ee5\u53ca\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u91cf\u4e0e\u4e4b\u76f8\u7b49\u7684\u76f8\u7ee7\u51e0\u4e2a\u533a\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u4e0e\u76f8\u7ee7\u5404\u533a\u7684\u671f\u520a\u6570\u91cf\u62101\u2236a\u2236a2\u2026\u2026\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u540e\u4eba\u5c06\u6b64\u89c4\u5f8b\u79f0\u4e3a\u201c\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\u5b9a\u5f8b\u201d\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d6\u5206\u533a\u6570\u4e3a3\uff0c\u5f97\u51faa\uff1d5\u3002\u4ee5\u201c\u5e94\u7528\u5730\u7403\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u201d\u4e3a\u4f8b\uff0c\u5f53\u65f6\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u67099\u79cd\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u76f8\u5173\u533a\u670947\u79cd\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u79bb\u6563\u533a\u6709113\u79cd\u671f\u520a\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u5185\u7684\u671f\u520a\u5360\u603b\u671f\u520a\u6570\u76843.2%\uff0c\u8fd9\u5c11\u6570\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u5927\u3001\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u591a\u7684\u671f\u520a\u79f0\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u5bf9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\uff0c\u5c3d\u7ba1a\u503c\u5404\u4e0d\u76f8\u540c\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5206\u5e03\u89c4\u5f8b\u662f\u76f8\u540c\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
1967\u5e74\uff0c\u8054\u5408\u56fd\u6559\u79d1\u6587\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u62a5\u544a\u6307\u51fa\uff1a\u201c\u4ece\u7269\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u5316\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u7684\u91cd\u8981\u6587\u6458\u6742\u5fd7\u4e2d\u53d1\u73b0\u4e00\u6761\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u5217\u51fa\u7684\u6216\u7f16\u6210\u6587\u6458\u768475%\u7684\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u4ec5\u6765\u81ea\u5b83\u4eec\u6240\u6536\u6458\u7684\u5168\u90e8\u671f\u520a\u768410%\u3002\u201d\u8fd9\u8bf4\u660e\u5728\u5bf9\u79d1\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u7269\u8fdb\u884c\u7ec4\u7ec7\u52a0\u5de5\u65f6\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u4e2a\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\uff0c\u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u7ec4\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n
1971\u5e74\uff0c\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d39\u57ce\u79d1\u5b66\u60c5\u62a5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u6240\u957f\u52a0\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u535a\u58eb\uff08Garfield\uff0cSCI\u521b\u59cb\u4eba\uff09\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u300b\uff08\u5373SCI\uff09\u6240\u6536\u5f55\u76842000\u4f59\u79cd\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u7684100\u4e07\u7bc7\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u540e\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c24%\u7684\u88ab\u5f15\u9891\u6b21\u9ad8\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u51fa\u81ea25\u79cd\u671f\u520a\uff0c50%\u7684\u88ab\u5f15\u9891\u6b21\u9ad8\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u51fa\u81ea152\u79cd\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5176\u4f59\u7684\u88ab\u5f15\u6587\u7ae0\u5219\u6563\u5e03\u5728\u6570\u91cf\u5927\u5f97\u591a\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u3002\u8fd9\u8bc1\u660e\u88ab\u5f15\u6587\u7ae0\u4e5f\u6709\u4e00\u4e2a\u8f83\u4e3a\u96c6\u4e2d\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u533a\u4e0e\u5e7f\u4e3a\u5206\u6563\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u533a\u3002\u52a0\u83f2\u5c14\u5fb7\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u8bba\u8bc1\u4e86\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u5f00\u521b\u4e86\u5229\u7528\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\u5b9a\u5f8b\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5148\u6cb3\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6240\u4ee5\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u662f\u520a\u8f7d\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u3001\u53d7\u8bfb\u8005\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u3001\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u3001\u6700\u4e3a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u662f\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u3001\u52a8\u6001\u7684\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8868\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u53c2\u8003\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e0d\u662f\u6807\u51c6\u3002[3]1\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u662f\u4ee5\u5b66\u79d1\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\u4e3a\u57fa\u7840\u7684\uff0c\u79bb\u5f00\u4e86\u5b66\u79d1\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e5f\u5c31\u65e0\u4ece\u8c08\u8d77\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\u6709\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6982\u5ff5\u4ece20\u4e16\u7eaa70\u5e74\u4ee3\u5f00\u59cb\u4f20\u5165\u6211\u56fd\u3002\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u56fd\u5916\u671f\u520a\u4ef7\u683c\u731b\u6da8\uff0c\u5982\u4f55\u7cbe\u9009\u5916\u520a\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u7528\u6700\u5c11\u7684\u7ecf\u8d39\u5f97\u5230\u6700\u5927\u7684\u6587\u732e\u91cf\uff0c\u6210\u4e86\u6211\u56fd\u5916\u520a\u91c7\u8bbf\u5de5\u4f5c\u6025\u9700\u89e3\u51b3\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u4e8e\u662f\u5f00\u59cb\u5bf9\u5916\u6587\u671f\u520a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u5ff5\u548c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5\u9010\u6b65\u4ece\u56fd\u5916\u5f15\u5165\u6211\u56fd\u300220\u4e16\u7eaa80\u5e74\u4ee3\u672b\uff0c\u968f\u7740\u4e2d\u6587\u671f\u520a\u6570\u91cf\u6fc0\u589e\u548c\u4ef7\u683c\u5927\u5e45\u4e0a\u6da8\uff0c\u4e2d\u6587\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u5de5\u4f5c\u4e5f\u63d0\u5230\u8bae\u4e8b\u65e5\u7a0b\u4e0a\u6765\u30021990\u5e74\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u9ad8\u6821\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u671f\u520a\u5de5\u4f5c\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\u6309\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u5b66\u7684\u539f\u7406\u7b5b\u9009\u51fa\u82e5\u5e72\u79cd\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e8e1992\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7b2c1\u7248\u300a\u4e2d\u6587\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8981\u76ee\u603b\u89c8\u300b\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\uff09\uff0c\u4ece\u6b64\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u7684\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\u3002[2]2\u5176\u540e\uff0c\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u6bcf4\u5e74\u6539\u72481\u6b21\uff0c\u5206\u522b\u4e8e199\u30012000\u548c2004\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u7b2c2\u30013\u548c4\u7248\u3002\u636e\u8bf4\uff0c\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u65b0\u7248\u5c06\u7f29\u77ed\u95f4\u9694\u671f\uff0c\u9884\u8ba1\u7b2c5\u7248\u5c06\u4e8e2007\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u3002\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u7684\u51fa\u7248\u5f15\u53d1\u4e86\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u3001\u671f\u520a\u754c\u7684\u9707\u52a8\uff0c\u5728\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u95ee\u9898\u4e0a\u89c1\u4ec1\u89c1\u667a\u3001\u4eba\u8a00\u4eba\u6b8a\u3002[4-5]<\/p>\n
\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u7684\u9ad8\u901f\u53d1\u5c55\u5bfc\u81f4\u671f\u520a\u6587\u732e\u6570\u91cf\u7684\u6025\u5267\u589e\u957f\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u53d1\u5fc5\u987b\u5bf9\u671f\u520a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u6c42\u3002\u4f17\u591a\u7814\u7a76\u8bc1\u660e\uff0c\u5b66\u79d1\u6587\u732e\u7684\u8bf8\u591a\u5c5e\u6027\u5728\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u662f\u6709\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u660e\u663e\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u7edf\u8ba1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u5bf9\u671f\u520a\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u91cf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u3002\u5b9a\u91cf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e0e\u5355\u7eaf\u9760\u4e13\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u6027\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u76f8\u6bd4\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7ed3\u679c\u5e94\u66f4\u5177\u5ba2\u89c2\u6027\u548c\u516c\u6b63\u6027\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u5728\u56fe\u4e66\u60c5\u62a5\u754c\u5df2\u7ecf\u5f62\u6210\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u5b9a\u91cf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6210\u679c\u4e5f\u5df2\u5f97\u5230\u793e\u4f1a\u5404\u754c\u7684\u5e7f\u6cdb\u8ba4\u53ef\u3002\u53ef\u89c1\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7406\u8bba\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u79d1\u5b66\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u4ea7\u7269\uff0c\u662f\u987a\u5e94\u793e\u4f1a\u9700\u8981\u800c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002[2]2<\/p>\n
2\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49<\/p>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5728\u6211\u56fd\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u6709\u51e0\u5341\u5e74\u7684\u5386\u53f2\uff0c\u4f46\u5173\u4e8e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u81f3\u4eca\u5c1a\u65e0\u7edf\u4e00\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u672a\u5065\u5168\u3001\u9074\u9009\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e0d\u7edf\u4e00\u6709\u5173\u3002\u591a\u6570\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u8005\u5305\u62ec\u79d1\u7814\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u4eba\u4e8b\u7ba1\u7406\u4eba\u5458\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u4e00\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u51fa\u7248\u548c\u6587\u732e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e13\u4e1a\u4eba\u5458\u5bf9\u5176\u6982\u5ff5\u4e5f\u5f88\u6a21\u7cca\u3002\u4ece\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u5ff5\u4ea7\u751f\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u51fa\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6700\u521d\u88ab\u7528\u6765\u63ed\u793a\u5b66\u79d1\u6587\u732e\u6570\u91cf\u5728\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u89c4\u5f8b\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u9010\u6b65\u53d1\u5c55\u5230\u63ed\u793a\u5b66\u79d1\u6587\u732e\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u7684\u5206\u5e03\u89c4\u5f8b\u3002<\/p>\n
\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u7b2c1\u7248\uff081992\u5e74\uff09\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\uff1a\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u6307\u7684\u662f\u520a\u8f7d\u4e0e\u67d0\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\uff08\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\uff09\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8f83\u591a\u3001\u4e14\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u53cd\u6620\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u6700\u65b0\u6210\u679c\u548c\u524d\u6cbf\u52a8\u6001\uff0c\u53d7\u5230\u8be5\u4e13\u4e1a\u8bfb\u8005\u7279\u522b\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u201d\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u7b2c3\u7248\uff082000\u5e74\uff09\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\uff08\u6216\u4e13\u4e1a\uff0c\u6216\u4e13\u9898\uff09\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u6240\u6d89\u53ca\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e2d\uff0c\u520a\u8f7d\u8bba\u6587\u8f83\u591a\u7684\uff08\u6216\u4fe1\u606f\u91cf\u8f83\u5927\u7684\uff09\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u9ad8\u7684\uff0c\u5e76\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u672c\u5b66\u79d1\u6700\u65b0\u6210\u679c\u53ca\u672c\u5b66\u79d1\u524d\u6cbf\u7814\u7a76\u72b6\u51b5\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u8d8b\u52bf\u7684\uff0c\u8f83\u53d7\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u8bfb\u8005\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u671f\u520a\u3002\u201d\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u7b2c4\u7248\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\u53c8\u4fee\u6539\u4e3a\uff1a\u201c\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u662f\u6307\u53d1\u8868\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u91cf\u8f83\u591a\uff0c\u6587\u6458\u7387\u3001\u5f15\u6587\u7387\u3001\u8bfb\u8005\u5229\u7528\u7387\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u5728\u672c\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u8f83\u9ad8\u3001\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6587\u732e\u4fe1\u606f\u4e2d\u5fc3\u7684\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8981\u89c8\u300b\uff082004\u5e74\uff09\uff08\u7b80\u79f0\u201c\u8981\u89c8\u201d\uff09\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\uff08\u6216\u9886\u57df\uff09\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u4e9b\u53d1\u8868\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\uff08\u6216\u9886\u57df\uff09\u8bba\u6587\u8f83\u591a\u3001\u4f7f\u7528\u7387\uff08\u542b\u88ab\u5f15\u7387\u3001\u6458\u8f6c\u7387\u548c\u6d41\u901a\u7387\uff09\u8f83\u9ad8\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u8f83\u5927\u7684\u671f\u520a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u671f\u520a\u7fa4\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7f51\u624b\u518c\u300b\u7ed9\u51fa\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u662f\uff1a\u201c\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u53ef\u4ee5\u8ba4\u4e3a\u662f\u520a\u8f7d\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u8f83\u591a\u7684\u3001\u53d7\u8bfb\u8005\u91cd\u89c6\u7684\u3001\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u5f53\u524d\u7814\u7a76\u72b6\u6001\u7684\u3001\u6700\u4e3a\u6d3b\u8dc3\u7684\u90a3\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u3002\u201d<\/p>\n
\u8fd8\u6709\u4eba\u5c06\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u201c\u520a\u8f7d\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u6587\u732e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u5927\uff0c\u6587\u6458\u7387\u3001\u5f15\u6587\u7387\u53ca\u5229\u7528\u7387\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f83\u9ad8\uff0c\u4ee3\u8868\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u73b0\u6709\u6c34\u5e73\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u65b9\u5411\u7684\u671f\u520a\u3002\u201d[4]<\/p>\n
\u672c\u6587\u5728\u8c08\u5230\u5b66\u79d1\u65f6\u5747\u5305\u62ec\u4e13\u4e1a\u6216\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n
3\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u7279\u70b9<\/p>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u5177\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7279\u70b9\uff1a[3]8,[6]26<\/p>\n
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\uff088\uff09\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u6027\u3002\u975e\u653f\u5e9c\u6027\u662f\u6307\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u5747\u4e0d\u662f\u7531\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\uff0c\u4e14\u672a\u5f97\u5230\u653f\u5e9c\u673a\u6784\u7684\u8ba4\u5b9a\u3002\u65b0\u95fb\u51fa\u7248\u603b\u7f72\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6211\u56fd\u671f\u520a\u51fa\u7248\u7ba1\u7406\u7684\u653f\u5e9c\u4e3b\u7ba1\u90e8\u95e8\u4ece\u672a\u53c2\u52a0\u8fc7\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8ba4\u5b9a\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u4efb\u4f55\u6d3b\u52a8\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6211\u56fd\u4e0e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6d4b\u8bc4\u6709\u5173\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ca\u5176\u8d1f\u8d23\u673a\u6784\u5206\u522b\u662f\uff1a\u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u548c\u5317\u4eac\u9ad8\u6821\u671f\u520a\u7814\u7a76\u4f1a\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u6587\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8981\u76ee\u603b\u89c8\u300b\uff08\u6bcf4\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff08\u60c5\u62a5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\uff09\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u8bba\u6587\u4e0e\u5f15\u6587\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u300b\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u8bba\u6587\u7edf\u8ba1\u6e90\u671f\u520a\uff08\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff09\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u671f\u520a\u5f15\u8bc1\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff08\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u548c\u4e07\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u8054\u5408\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ec4\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u8bba\u6587\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5206\u6790\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u671f\u520a\u5f15\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff08\u6bcf2\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\uff1b\u6e05\u534e\u5927\u5b66\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\uff08\u5149\u76d8\u7248\uff09\u7535\u5b50\u6742\u5fd7\u793e\u548c\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u300b\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u7efc\u5408\u5f15\u8bc1\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff08\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6587\u732e\u60c5\u62a5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u300b\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u8ba1\u91cf\u6307\u6807\uff1a\u8bba\u6587\u4e0e\u5f15\u6587\u7edf\u8ba1\u300b\uff08\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u6587\u732e\u60c5\u62a5\u4e2d\u5fc3\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u300b\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8981\u89c8\u300b\uff08\u6bcf5\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\uff1b\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5\u5b66\u4f1a\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u4eba\u6587\u793e\u79d1\u5b66\u62a5\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u89c8\u300b\uff08\u4ec52003\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u4e86\u4e00\u671f\uff09\uff1b\u5357\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e2d\u5fc3\u548c\u9999\u6e2f\u79d1\u6280\u5927\u5b66\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u6587\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u300b\u548c\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u7a76\u8ba1\u91cf\u6307\u6807\u2014\u2014\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u5f15\u6587\u4e0e\u671f\u520a\u5f15\u7528\u7edf\u8ba1\u300b\uff08\u6bcf\u5e74\u4e00\u7248\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u53ca\u5176\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6d3b\u52a8\u867d\u5404\u81ea\u5206\u522b\u5f97\u5230\u56fd\u5bb6\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u57fa\u91d1\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u4e2d\u56fd\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u9662\u3001\u79d1\u6280\u90e8\u3001\u6559\u80b2\u90e8\u7b49\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u8d44\u52a9\uff0c\u4f46\u76ee\u524d\u8fd8\u53ea\u80fd\u8bf4\u662f\u9879\u76ee\u6210\u679c\uff0c\u90fd\u662f\u6c11\u95f4\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56fd\u5916\u8457\u540d\u7684\u300a\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u300b(Science Citation Index\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0SCI)\u7531\u7f8e\u56fd\u8d39\u57ce\u4e00\u6240\u6c11\u95f4\u6587\u732e\u673a\u6784\u201c\u79d1\u5b66\u60c5\u62a5\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u201d\uff08Institute of Scientific Information\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0ISI\uff09\u4e3a\u79d1\u6280\u4eba\u5458\u65b9\u4fbf\u5bfb\u627e\u6587\u732e\u800c\u7f16\u5236\u3002[7]SCI\u4ee5\u5176\u7efc\u5408\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u800c\u72ec\u7279\u7684\u68c0\u7d22\u673a\u5236\u5907\u53d7\u4e16\u4eba\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u8be5\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80fd\u68c0\u7d22\u51fa\u4e00\u4e2a\u56fd\u5bb6\uff08\u5730\u533a\uff09\u3001\u673a\u6784\u3001\u4e2a\u4eba\u6587\u732e\u7684\u53d1\u8868\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8fd8\u53ef\u76f4\u63a5\u68c0\u7d22\u67d0\u4e00\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u53d1\u8868\u4ee5\u6765\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u3002[8]3ISI\u662f\u7f8e\u56fd\u6c64\u59c6\u900a\u96c6\u56e2\u4e0b\u5c5e\u7684\u5546\u4e1a\u6027\u7814\u7a76\u673a\u6784\uff0c\u4e13\u95e8\u751f\u4ea7\u79d1\u6280\u6587\u732e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4ea7\u54c1\uff0c\u9664\u4e86SCI\u5916\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u4e3b\u8981\u4ea7\u54c1\u8fd8\u6709\uff1a\u300a\u79d1\u6280\u4f1a\u8bae\u5f55\u7d22\u5f15\u300b\uff08Index to Scientific & TechnicalProceedings\uff0cISTP\uff09\u3001\u300a\u793e\u4f1a\u79d1\u5b66\u5f15\u6587\u7d22\u5f15\u300b\uff08Social Science Citation Index\uff0cSSCI\uff09\u3001\u300a\u671f\u520a\u5f15\u8bc1\u62a5\u544a\u300b\uff08Journal Citation Report\uff0cJCR\uff09\u548c\u300a\u5373\u671f\u76ee\u5f55\u300b\uff08Current Contents\uff0cCC\uff09\u3002[9]\u300a\u5de5\u7a0b\u7d22\u5f15\u300b\uff08Engineering Index\uff0c\u7b80\u79f0EI\uff09\u7531\u4f4d\u4e8e\u7f8e\u56fd\u7ebd\u7ea6\u7684\u4e00\u5bb6\u8425\u5229\u6027\u673a\u6784Elsevier\u5de5\u7a0b\u4fe1\u606f\u516c\u53f8\uff08Elsevier EngineeringInformation Inc.\uff09\u7f16\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n
4\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u662f\u4e00\u9879\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5de8\u5927\u800c\u53c8\u5341\u5206\u590d\u6742\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u8981\u6839\u636e\u5176\u7528\u9014\u3001\u670d\u52a1\u5bf9\u8c61\uff0c\u8003\u8651\u5f71\u54cd\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\uff0c\u5728\u5168\u9762\u5206\u6790\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u614e\u91cd\u786e\u5b9a\u3002\u5e94\u8be5\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u673a\u6784\u548c\u90e8\u95e8\u7531\u4e8e\u5176\u81ea\u8eab\u4e1a\u52a1\u8981\u6c42\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u6240\u786e\u5b9a\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u540d\u5355\u4e0d\u5c3d\u76f8\u540c\u3002<\/p>\n
\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5[3]48,[10-11]\u4e3b\u8981\u6709\uff1a<\/p>\n
4.1\u00a0\u00a0\u4e13\u5bb6\u9274\u5b9a\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u9274\u5b9a\u6cd5\u4ecd\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u6216\u7f3a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u5b66\u79d1\u4e13\u5bb6\u5728\u81ea\u5df1\u719f\u6089\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\u5185\u6700\u4e86\u89e3\u54ea\u4e9b\u671f\u520a\u5177\u6709\u4ee3\u8868\u6027\uff0c\u7ecf\u5e38\u9605\u8bfb\u672c\u5b66\u79d1\u548c\u76f8\u5173\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u8bc4\u4ef7\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u6761\u4ef6\u3002\u53ef\u4ee5\u8bf7\u4e13\u5bb6\u63d0\u51fa\u540d\u5355\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u8bf7\u4e13\u5bb6\u5bf9\u6709\u5173\u5b66\u79d1\u671f\u520a\u8fdb\u884c\u6295\u7968\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u5f97\u7968\u591a\u5c11\u4ee5\u9012\u51cf\u987a\u5e8f\u5217\u8868\u9009\u53d6\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n
4.2\u00a0\u00a0\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5305\u62ec\u7edd\u5bf9\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u6cd5\u548c\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u6cd5\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5c06\u671f\u520a\u6309\u7167\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u7531\u5c0f\u5230\u5927\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u5206\u6210\u51e0\u4e2a\u533a\uff0c\u6bcf\u4e00\u533a\u7684\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u76f8\u7b49\uff0c\u6392\u5728\u7b2c1\u533a\u7684\u5c31\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u8be5\u6cd5\u56e0\u6b64\u53c8\u79f0\u533a\u57df\u6cd5\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7edd\u5bf9\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u6cd5\u662f\u6839\u636e\u671f\u520a\u67d0\u5e74\u88ab\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6536\u5f55\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6570\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\uff1a\u5355\u7eaf\u5f3a\u8c03\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u91cf\u3001\u4e0d\u8003\u8651\u8bba\u6587\u5185\u5728\u8d28\u91cf\u800c\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u671f\u520a\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff1b\u5ffd\u89c6\u520a\u8f7d\u8bba\u6587\u8f83\u5c11\u7684\u4f46\u5374\u662f\u5bf9\u53e3\u7684\u5c0f\u578b\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u76f8\u5bf9\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u6cd5\u662f\u671f\u520a\u67d0\u5e74\u88ab\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6536\u5f55\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u5360\u540c\u5e74\u8be5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6536\u5f55\u540c\u4e00\u5b66\u79d1\u5404\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u603b\u6570\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5176\u7f3a\u9677\u540c\u6837\u662f\u5ffd\u89c6\u8bba\u6587\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
4.3\u00a0\u00a0\u6587\u6458\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5373\u901a\u8fc7\u7edf\u8ba1\u671f\u520a\u6240\u520a\u767b\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u6587\u6458\u671f\u520a\u6458\u5f55\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u548c\u88ab\u6458\u7387\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u88ab\u6458\u91cf\u662f\u67d0\u5e74\u671f\u520a\u6240\u520a\u767b\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u6587\u6458\u671f\u520a\u6458\u5f55\u7684\u6570\u91cf\uff1b\u88ab\u6458\u7387\u662f\u67d0\u5e74\u671f\u520a\u6240\u767b\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u6587\u6458\u671f\u520a\u6458\u5f55\u7684\u6570\u91cf\u5360\u8be5\u520a\u5168\u90e8\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u7684\u6bd4\u91cd\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u9009\u62e9\u6bd4\u8f83\u8457\u540d\u7684\u3001\u6743\u5a01\u7684\u6587\u6458\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u786e\u5b9a\u6587\u6458\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4f7f\u7528\u5e74\u4ee3\u548c\u7edf\u8ba1\u671f\u9650\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u671f\u520a\u7684\u88ab\u6458\u91cf\u548c\u88ab\u6458\u7387\uff0c\u6309\u671f\u520a\u88ab\u6458\u91cf\u548c\u88ab\u6458\u7387\u4ee5\u9012\u51cf\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u622a\u53d6\u88ab\u6458\u91cf\u548c\u88ab\u6458\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u9002\u91cf\u671f\u520a\u5b9a\u4e3a\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u7b80\u5355\u6613\u884c\u3002\u5176\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\uff1a\u9009\u9898\u8303\u56f4\u5e7f\u3001\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u5927\u7684\u671f\u520a\u88ab\u6458\u91cf\u5927\uff0c\u8fdb\u5165\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u53ef\u80fd\u6027\u5c31\u5927\uff0c\u800c\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u5c11\u4f46\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u520a\u5f80\u5f80\u53ef\u80fd\u88ab\u6392\u65a5\u5728\u5916\uff1b\u6587\u6458\u671f\u520a\u7f16\u8f91\u8005\u7684\u504f\u597d\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6587\u6458\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u7387\uff0c\u8fdb\u800c\u5f71\u54cd\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u51c6\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n
4.4\u00a0\u00a0\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u5373\u6839\u636e\u671f\u520a\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\uff08\u603b\u88ab\u5f15\u9891\u6b21\uff09\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u4e00\u79cd\u671f\u520a\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u6b21\u6570\u8d8a\u591a\u8d8a\u9ad8\uff0c\u4e00\u822c\u6765\u8bf4\u8868\u660e\u5176\u8d28\u91cf\u8d8a\u9ad8\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u786e\u5b9a\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u671f\u520a\u540d\u5355\u53ca\u4f7f\u7528\u5e74\u4ee3\u4e0e\u671f\u9650\uff0c\u9010\u671f\u7edf\u8ba1\u6bcf\u7bc7\u8bba\u6587\u6240\u5217\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u7684\u51fa\u5904\uff0c\u7edf\u8ba1\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\u4e2d\u6bcf\u79cd\u671f\u520a\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u603b\u9891\u6b21\uff0c\u4ee5\u9012\u51cf\u987a\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u622a\u53d6\u603b\u88ab\u5f15\u9891\u6b21\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u520a\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5ba2\u89c2\u3001\u65b9\u4fbf\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u8f83\u597d\u5730\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\uff0c\u662f\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5176\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u8bba\u6587\u662f\u5426\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u53ca\u5f15\u7528\u6b21\u6570\u7684\u591a\u5c11\u4f1a\u53d7\u8bb8\u591a\u56e0\u7d20\uff08\u5982\u671f\u520a\u7684\u53ef\u83b7\u5f97\u6027\u3001\u6613\u7528\u6027\u3001\u88ab\u5f15\u8005\u7684\u540d\u671b\u5730\u4f4d\u4ee5\u53ca\u4f2a\u5f15\u3001\u975e\u6b63\u5e38\u81ea\u5f15\u3001\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5f15\u7528\u7b49\uff09\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\uff1b\u4e0d\u540c\u5b66\u79d1\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5f15\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u6709\u5f88\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u6392\u65a5\u5c0f\u578b\u520a\u7269\u3001\u51fa\u7248\u5468\u671f\u957f\u7684\u520a\u7269\u4ee5\u53ca\u7406\u8bba\u6027\u5f31\u800c\u5b9e\u8df5\u6027\u5f3a\u7684\u520a\u7269\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u5e94\u7528\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8981\u8c28\u614e\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u51fa\u73b0\u5931\u5f53\u751a\u81f3\u662f\u8352\u8c2c\u7684\u7ed3\u8bba\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e3a\u514b\u670d\u5f15\u6587\u6cd5\u7684\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u91c7\u7528\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u6cd5\uff0c\u5373\u6839\u636e\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5e73\u5747\u88ab\u5f15\u7387\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u7684\u8ba1\u7b97\u516c\u5f0f\u662f\uff1a<\/p>\n
\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50=<\/p>\n
\uff08\u8be5\u520a\u524dn\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u5728\u7edf\u8ba1\u5f53\u5e74\u88ab\u5f15\u7528\u7684\u603b\u6b21\u6570\/\u8be5\u520a\u524dn\u5e74\u53d1\u8868\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u603b\u6570\uff09<\/p>\n
\u901a\u5e38\uff0c\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u8d8a\u5927\uff0c\u5176\u5b66\u672f\u5f71\u54cd\u529b\u4e5f\u8d8a\u5927\u3002\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u540c\u6837\u53d7\u591a\u79cd\u56e0\u7d20\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u548c\u5236\u7ea6\u3002\u987b\u6ce8\u610f\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\uff08\u6e90\u671f\u520a\uff09\u5f97\u51fa\u7684\u67d0\u4e00\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u8bf4\uff0c\u540c\u4e00\u671f\u520a\u53ef\u80fd\u6709\u591a\u4e2a\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u3002\u5e38\u7528\u7684n\u4e3a2\u5e74\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\u5c31\u662f\u4f9d\u636e\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u8bba\u6587\u7edf\u8ba1\u6e90\u671f\u520a\u300b\u4e2d\u6211\u56fd\u5404\u79d1\u6280\u671f\u520a\u7684\u603b\u88ab\u5f15\u9891\u6b21\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u7f16\u5236\u300a\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u300b\u603b\u6392\u540d\u548c\u5b66\u79d1\u6392\u540d\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n
4.5\u00a0\u00a0\u7d2f\u79ef\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5373\u4f9d\u636e\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u8bba\u6587\u5728\u672c\u5b66\u79d1\u671f\u520a\u520a\u8f7d\u7684\u6bd4\u4f8b\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u628a\u4e0e\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u6240\u6709\u671f\u520a\u6309\u5176\u5728\u67d0\u4e00\u65f6\u95f4\u6bb5\u5185\u7684\u76f8\u5173\u8bba\u6587\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u4ece\u5927\u5230\u5c0f\u6392\u5e8f\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u6839\u636e\u9700\u8981\u786e\u5b9a\u7d2f\u79ef\u767e\u5206\u6bd4\uff08\u4e00\u822c\u5b9a\u4e3a80%\uff09\uff0c\u6309\u7167\u6392\u5e8f\u60c5\u51b5\u8ba1\u7b97\u51fa\u7d2f\u79ef\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u548c\u603b\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\uff0c\u7d2f\u79ef\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u8fbe\u5230\u603b\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf80%\u7684\u6700\u524d\u5217\u671f\u520a\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u6b64\u6cd5\u5de5\u4f5c\u91cf\u5927\u3002\u5176\u7f3a\u9677\u662f\u4ee5\u8f7d\u6587\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6570\u91cf\u4e3a\u51fa\u53d1\u70b9\uff0c\u5ffd\u89c6\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/p>\n
4.6\u00a0\u00a0\u6a21\u7cca\u6570\u5b66\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u5373\u5e94\u7528\u6a21\u7cca\u6570\u5b66\u7efc\u5408\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6cd5\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u539f\u59cb\u7edf\u8ba1\u6570\u636e\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u8fdb\u884c\u96b6\u5c5e\u5ea6\u6362\u7b97\u5f97\u5230\u8bc4\u4ef7\u77e9\u9635\uff0c\u901a\u8fc7\u4e13\u5bb6\u8bc4\u8bae\u786e\u5b9a\u5404\u6307\u6807\u6743\u91cd\uff0c\u6784\u9020\u6743\u91cd\u5411\u91cf\uff0c\u5bf9\u8bc4\u4ef7\u77e9\u9635\u4f5c\u52a0\u6743\u5e73\u5747\uff0c\u6700\u540e\u5c06\u671f\u520a\u6309\u96b6\u5c5e\u5ea6\u964d\u5e8f\u6392\u5217\uff0c\u5f97\u51fa\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002<\/p>\n
4.7\u00a0\u00a0\u6d41\u901a\u7387\u6cd5\uff08\u5229\u7528\u7387\u6cd5\uff09<\/p>\n
\u6309\u7167\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\u5b9a\u5f8b\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5229\u7528\u7387\u5e94\u8be5\u9ad8\u4e8e\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8\u7684\u671f\u520a\u4e00\u5b9a\u4f1a\u53d7\u5230\u8bfb\u8005\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\uff0c\u5176\u6d41\u901a\u7387\u4e5f\u4f1a\u9ad8\u3002\u57fa\u672c\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\uff1a\u5bf9\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u9986\u85cf\u671f\u520a\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u7684\u51fa\u501f\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u9605\u89c8\u6b21\u6570\u3001\u590d\u5236\u91cf\u53ca\u5916\u501f\u4e92\u501f\u8bb0\u5f55\u8fdb\u884c\u7edf\u8ba1\u5206\u6790\uff0c\u6d41\u901a\u7387\u9ad8\u7684\u5373\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3002\u5e94\u6ce8\u610f\u5e94\u7528\u6b64\u6cd5\u7684\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u8ba2\u9605\u671f\u520a\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u79cd\u6570\u4e0d\u540c\u4ee5\u53ca\u53d7\u8bfb\u8005\u501f\u9605\u671f\u520a\u8bed\u79cd\u3001\u65f6\u95f4\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6d41\u901a\u7387\u4e0e\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u6216\u5f71\u54cd\u4e4b\u95f4\u5e76\u4e0d\u4e00\u5b9a\u6210\u7edd\u5bf9\u6b63\u6bd4\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u662f\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u666e\u53ca\u6027\u7684\u4e13\u4e1a\u671f\u520a\u4e0e\u4e13\u4e1a\u6027\u5f3a\u3001\u5b66\u672f\u4ef7\u503c\u9ad8\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u520a\u7269\uff0c\u90fd\u7528\u6d41\u901a\u7387\u6765\u8861\u91cf\u5f80\u5f80\u4e0d\u80fd\u53cd\u6620\u4e8b\u7269\u7684\u672c\u8d28\uff0c\u53ea\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u6536\u85cf\u671f\u520a\u7684\u53c2\u8003\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u4f5c\u4e3a\u786e\u5b9a\u5168\u5b66\u79d1\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u4f9d\u636e\u3002\u7531\u4e8e\u6b64\u6cd5\u4ee5\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5b9e\u9645\u4f7f\u7528\u60c5\u51b5\u4e3a\u4f9d\u636e\u6765\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u8f83\u53d7\u56fe\u4e66\u60c5\u62a5\u754c\u7684\u91cd\u89c6\u3002<\/p>\n
4.8\u00a0\u00a0\u7efc\u5408\u5206\u6790\u6cd5<\/p>\n
\u4e0a\u8ff0\u5404\u79cd\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u662f\u4ece\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u5ea6\u5bf9\u671f\u520a\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\uff0c\u5404\u6709\u5229\u5f0a\uff0c\u4e3a\u907f\u514d\u7531\u4e8e\u4f7f\u7528\u5355\u4e00\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6cd5\u9020\u6210\u7684\u504f\u5dee\u5c06\u591a\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u65f6\u8fd0\u7528\uff0c\u53d6\u957f\u8865\u77ed\uff0c\u7efc\u5408\u5224\u65ad\u786e\u5b9a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u4ee5\u6c42\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u79d1\u5b66\u3001\u6b63\u786e\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u5c06\u5404\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\u7b5b\u9009\u7684\u7ed3\u679c\u52a0\u6743\u8ba1\u7b97\uff0c\u52a0\u6743\u503c\u8fbe\u5230\u4e00\u5b9a\u6570\u503c\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u53ef\u786e\u5b9a\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u518d\u8bf7\u4e13\u5bb6\u8fdb\u884c\u5b9a\u6027\u4fee\u6b63\u3002<\/p>\n
\u9700\u8981\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u7531\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u9010\u6b65\u5b8c\u5584\uff0c\u7528\u4e8e\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u5404\u79cd\u6570\u636e\u5df2\u7ecf\u6bd4\u8f83\u5bb9\u6613\u53d6\u5f97\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n
5\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u5173\u7cfb<\/p>\n
\u6839\u636e\u4e0a\u9762\u7684\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4ece\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\u63d0\u51fa\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u5ff5\u7684\u672c\u610f\u53ef\u77e5\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u9009\u5b9a\u6807\u51c6\u4e00\u822c\u662f\u201c\u8f7d\u6587\u91cf\u591a\u201d\u3001\u201c\u6536\u5f55\u91cf\u5927\u201d\u548c\u201c\u88ab\u5f15\u6b21\u6570\u591a\u201d\uff0c\u67d0\u520a\u662f\u5426\u662f\u67d0\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u5728\u4e8e\u5b83\u662f\u5426\u76f8\u5bf9\u96c6\u4e2d\u520a\u767b\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u8bba\u6587\u800c\u6210\u4e3a\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u4e3b\u8981\u6587\u732e\u4fe1\u606f\u6e90\uff0c\u662f\u5bf9\u8be5\u5b66\u79d1\u8bba\u6587\u5206\u5e03\u89c4\u5f8b\u7684\u63ed\u793a\uff0c\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u76f4\u63a5\u4f5c\u4e3a\u671f\u520a\u5b66\u672f\u8d28\u91cf\u548c\u8bba\u6587\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\u3002[3]97,[12]\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0d\u7b49\u4e8e\u520a\u8f7d\u4f18\u79c0\u8bba\u6587\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\uff0c\u5b83\u4e3b\u8981\u662f\u7528\u6765\u4f9b\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u91c7\u8d2d\u3001\u6536\u85cf\u3001\u5bfc\u8bfb\u65f6\u4f5c\u53c2\u8003\u7684\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7528\u6765\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\uff0c\u4e5f\u4e0d\u5177\u5907\u8fd9\u4e00\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u6b27\u7f8e\u7684\u8fd0\u7528\u5747\u9075\u5faa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e00\u7cbe\u795e\u3002<\/p>\n
\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5f15\u5165\u6211\u56fd\u4e4b\u521d\u4e5f\u662f\u7b26\u5408\u5e03\u62c9\u5fb7\u798f\u7684\u7cbe\u795e\u7684\uff0c\u540e\u6765\u9010\u6e10\u53d1\u5c55\u4f7f\u5176\u539f\u59cb\u529f\u80fd\u9010\u6b65\u9000\u5316\uff0c\u8bc4\u4ef7\u529f\u80fd\u6e10\u8d8b\u7a81\u51fa\uff0c\u800c\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bc4\u4ef7\u529f\u80fd\u5e76\u975e\u5e94\u7528\u5728\u8bc4\u4ef7\u671f\u520a\u672c\u8eab\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u8bef\u7528\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e0a\uff0c\u628a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7b49\u540c\u4e8e\u9ad8\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bba\u6587\u3002\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u771f\u6b63\u6210\u4e3a\u4eba\u4eec\u8ffd\u9010\u7684\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u201d\uff0c\u4e00\u4e9b\u79d1\u7814\u3001\u5b66\u4f4d\u7ba1\u7406\u548c\u4eba\u4e8b\u7ba1\u7406\u90e8\u95e8\u5c06\u662f\u5426\u520a\u8f7d\u5728\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u8bba\u6587\u8d28\u91cf\u9ad8\u4f4e\u548c\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u6807\u51c6\uff0c\u5e76\u4f5c\u4e3a\u6d25\u8d34\u8bc4\u5b9a\u3001\u804c\u79f0\u8bc4\u5ba1\u3001\u5b66\u4f4d\u6388\u4e88\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u8bc4\u5956\u3001\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7684\u5fc5\u8981\u6761\u4ef6\uff0c\u6f14\u53d8\u6210\u4e00\u79cd\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u5c3a\u5ea6\uff0c\u4e0e\u8bba\u6587\u4f5c\u8005\u7684\u5207\u8eab\u5229\u76ca\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u8fde\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e00\u9879\u6587\u732e\u8ba1\u91cf\u5b66\u7684\u79d1\u7814\u6210\u679c\u627f\u62c5\u5b83\u4e0d\u5e94\u627f\u62c5\u7684\u4efb\u52a1\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u65e0\u9650\u5938\u5927\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4f5c\u7528\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\uff0c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u80cc\u79bb\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u521d\u8877\uff0c\u66f4\u4e25\u91cd\u7684\u662f\u9020\u6210\u5b66\u672f\u6d6e\u8e81\u73b0\u8c61\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5f15\u8d77\u6211\u56fd\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e00\u5b9a\u7684\u6df7\u4e71\u3002\u5e94\u5f53\u5265\u79bb\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u529b\u4e0d\u80fd\u53ca\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u675c\u7edd\u201c\u4ee5\u520a\u4ee3\u8bc4\u8bba\u6587\u201d\u7684\u73b0\u8c61\u3002[3]98<\/p>\n
\u6b63\u5982\u300a\u603b\u89c8\u300b\u5728\u5176\u5f00\u7bc7\u7684\u201c\u4e2d\u6587\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u62a5\u544a\u201d\u660e\u786e\u6307\u51fa\u7684\u90a3\u6837\uff0c\u201c\u9700\u8981\u7279\u522b\u8bf4\u660e\u7684\u662f\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u53ea\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u76f8\u5bf9\u7684\u7edf\u8ba1\u6982\u5ff5\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8868\u53ea\u80fd\u8d77\u53c2\u8003\u4f5c\u7528\uff0c\u4e0d\u80fd\u8d77\u6807\u51c6\u4f5c\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5c06\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8868\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8861\u91cf\u8bba\u6587\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u7edd\u5bf9\u6807\u51c6\u6765\u7528\uff0c\u5c31\u53ef\u80fd\u53d1\u751f\u8c2c\u8bef\uff0c\u56e0\u4e3a\u4ece\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u770b\uff0c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u672a\u5fc5\u6bcf\u7bc7\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u90fd\u9ad8\uff0c\u975e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7684\u6587\u7ae0\u672a\u5fc5\u6bcf\u7bc7\u5b66\u672f\u6c34\u5e73\u90fd\u4f4e\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u5728\u8bc4\u4ef7\u7814\u7a76\u6210\u679c\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd8\u5e94\u8be5\u6839\u636e\u672c\u5355\u4f4d\u6216\u8bc4\u4ef7\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u60c5\u51b5\uff0c\u8bf7\u5b66\u79d1\u4e13\u5bb6\u6765\u8bc4\u5ba1\u8bba\u6587\u672c\u8eab\u7684\u5b66\u672f\u4ef7\u503c\u3002\u201d[2]4<\/p>\n
<\/p>\n
\u53c2\u8003\u6587\u732e\uff1a<\/p>\n
[1] \u66fe\u5efa\u52cb. \u7f16\u8005\u6309. \u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u4e0e\u671f\u520a\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6587\u9009. \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u4e07\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ec4. 2002.<\/p>\n
[2] \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c\u5317\u4eac\u9ad8\u6821\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u671f\u520a\u5de5\u4f5c\u59d4\u5458\u4f1a. \u4e2d\u6587\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8981\u76ee\u603b\u89c8. \u5317\u4eac\u5927\u5b66\u51fa\u7248\u793e. 2004.<\/p>\n
[3] \u66fe\u5efa\u52cb. \u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u5bfc\u5f15. \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u4e07\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ec4. 2005.<\/p>\n
[4] \u738b\u632f\u94ce. \u8d28\u7591\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u8bba. \u51fa\u7248\u5e7f\u89d2\uff0c2000(12):19-21.<\/p>\n
[5] \u5f20\u6797\u7965. \u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4e0e\u201c\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u201d\u2014\u2014\u4e0e\u738b\u632f\u94ce\u5148\u751f\u5546\u69b7. \u51fa\u7248\u5e7f\u89d2\uff0c2001(9):15-18.<\/p>\n
[6] \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240\uff0c\u4e07\u65b9\u6570\u636e\u80a1\u4efd\u6709\u9650\u516c\u53f8\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7f51\u7ec4. \u4e2d\u56fd\u6570\u5b57\u5316\u671f\u520a\u7fa4\u671f\u520a\u4e0a\u7f51\u624b\u518c.<\/p>\n
[7] \u8521\u777f\u8d24. \u8c01\u6765\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e2d\u56fd\u57fa\u7840\u7814\u7a76\u65b9\u5411. \u79d1\u5b66\u65f6\u62a5\uff0c2001-06-01.<\/p>\n
[8] \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7814\u7a76\u6240. 2004\u5e74\u5ea6\u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u8bba\u6587\u7edf\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5206\u6790. \u5317\u4eac\uff1a\u79d1\u5b66\u6280\u672f\u6587\u732e\u51fa\u7248\u793e\uff0c2006.<\/p>\n
[9] \u5f20\u7389\u534e. \u7f8e\u56fd\u79d1\u5b66\u60c5\u62a5\u6240\uff08SCI\uff09\u8003\u5bdf\u7565\u8ff0. \u4e2d\u56fd\u79d1\u6280\u671f\u520a\u7814\u7a76\uff0c1997(1)\uff1a12-15.<\/p>\n
[10] \u6797\u8587\uff0c\u6731\u5fd7\u4f1f. \u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u6d4b\u5b9a\u65b9\u6cd5\u53ca\u610f\u4e49. \u798f\u5efa\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\u5b66\u520a\uff0c1990(3)\uff1a37-39.<\/p>\n
[11] \u738b\u5d07\u4ec1. \u786e\u5b9a\u79d1\u6280\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u63a2\u8ba8. \u9ed1\u9f99\u6c5f\u56fe\u4e66\u9986\uff0c1990(1)\uff1a40-41.<\/p>\n
[12] \u5f90\u5174\u4f59. \u5173\u4e8e\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6548\u7528\u95ee\u9898. \u4e34\u6c82\u5e08\u8303\u5b66\u9662\u5b66\u62a5\uff0c2000(4)\uff1a95-97.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\u8bf4\u660e\uff1a\u672c\u6587\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u5185\u520a\u300a\u6d77\u4e8b\u9ad8\u6559\u7814\u7a76\u300b2006\u5e74\u7b2c2\u671f\uff0c\u539f\u6807\u9898\u4e3a\u300a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u3001\u671f\u520a\u65b9\u9635\u4e0e\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u300b\uff0c\u867d\u7136\u5df2\u8fc7\u53bb\u591a\u5e74\u4e86\u4e14\u5f15\u6587\u6bd4\u8f83\u9648\u65e7\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5185\u5bb9\u81f3\u4eca\u4ecd\u662f\u6709\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u3002\u8fd9\u6b21\u5220\u53bb\u90e8\u5206\u5185\u5bb9\u540e\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u518d\u6b21\u201c\u53d1\u8868\u201d\uff0c\u6587\u9898\u6539\u4e3a\u300a\u6838\u5fc3\u671f\u520a\u7684\u524d\u4e16\u4eca\u751f … <\/p>\n